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Molecular, histopathologic and electron microscopic analysis of white spot syndrome virus in wild shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) in the coastal waters of Iran

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Abstract

So far, there have been no studies on the distribution of viral white spot syndrome in wild Indian white shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) brooders at Iranian capture sites. This study was conducted to investigate the presence of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in wild Indian white shrimps in Iran, using PCR, histopathologic, and electron microscopic surveys. The samples were collected within two seasons (autumn and spring) and from two provinces (six capture sites), from the major hatcheries providing spawners. Eight hundred thirty-three samples were collected and analyzed first by PCR, after which the positive samples were examined using histological tests, and if inclusion bodies were observed, electron microscopy was also used. White spot syndrome virus was detected only at the capture sites in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, where the mean infection rate was significantly higher in the spring (8.7%) than in the autumn (2.03%). At the Chabahar, Pasabandar, and Govater capture sites, the mean infection rate was significantly higher (4.9%, 2.1%, and 9.2%, respectively), than in Hormozgan Province. The results showed that there was no significant difference in infection rate between the two different sizes and sexes of shrimps (P < 0.05). Phylogeny analysis revealed a close relationship between the viruses from this study and those in other Asian countries, including China, India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Taiwan, and South Korea. It is possible that the virus has spread across the Indian Ocean to other countries. Therefore, the spawners in this study, particularly those collected during the spring and those from capture sites in Sistan and Baluchistan Province, were found to be more susceptible to WSSV infection, and the virus might have been transmitted vertically from WSSV-infected brooders to post-larvae.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Shiraz University, the Hormozgan Veterinary Organization, and the Hormozgan and Bushehr Fishery Organization for their financial support of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Amin Gholamhosseini & Sohrab Akbari

  2. Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran

    Ali Mohammadi

  3. Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran

    Mahdi Banaee

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  1. Amin Gholamhosseini
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Correspondence to Ali Mohammadi.

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Gholamhosseini, A., Mohammadi, A., Akbari, S. et al. Molecular, histopathologic and electron microscopic analysis of white spot syndrome virus in wild shrimp (Fenneropenaeus indicus) in the coastal waters of Iran. Arch Virol 165, 1433–1440 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04625-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04625-3

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