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Molecular detection and characterization of picobirnaviruses in piglets with diarrhea in Thailand

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Abstract

Picobirnavirus (PBV) is a small, bi-segmented, double-stranded RNA virus. Taxonomically, the genus Picobirnavirus belongs to the Picobirnaviridae family. PBV infects a wide range of hosts and causes opportunistic infections, but its role in diarrheal disease remains unclear. To determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of porcine PBVs in Northern Thailand, 380 fecal samples collected from diarrheic and non-diarrheic piglets, raised in 22 pig farms, were tested for the presence of PBV. Reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) was performed using primer sets specific to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene. PBV was detected in 86 of 265 (32.5%) diarrheic piglets and in 26 of 115 (22.6%) non-diarrheic piglets. All the PBV strains detected in this study belonged to genogroup I and a high proportion of PBV-positive piglets were co-infected with group A rotavirus (RVA) and bocavirus (BoV). Phylogenetic analysis of representative genogroup I strains revealed remarkably high similarity between strains; these formed a monophyletic cluster with 97-100% sequence identity in the RdRp gene. The strains were also closely related to genogroup I PBV Chinese porcine strain. The findings indicate that PBV infection is common in piglets with and without diarrhea in Northern Thailand.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by grants from the Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University (Medical research fund) (grant number 83/2555), from the Center of Excellence (Emerging and Re-emerging Diarrheal Viruses Research Center) (grant number ST6392(11)/1089), and from Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. In addition, some parts of this project were supported by National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT) (grant number PK./2555).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

    Lauren Wilburn

  2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intawarorose, Sriphoom, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

    Lauren Wilburn, Arpaporn Yodmeeklin, Pakawat Kochjan, Wilaiporn Saikruang, Kattareeya Kumthip, Pattara Khamrin & Niwat Maneekarn

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  1. Lauren Wilburn
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  2. Arpaporn Yodmeeklin
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Correspondence to Niwat Maneekarn.

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None of the authors have any personal or financial conflict of interest that would bias the results of this study.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) of Chiang Mai University (ST6393(8)8/325).

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Wilburn, L., Yodmeeklin, A., Kochjan, P. et al. Molecular detection and characterization of picobirnaviruses in piglets with diarrhea in Thailand. Arch Virol 162, 1061–1066 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-3190-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-3190-3

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