Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O accounts for around 80 % of the outbreaks in India. Although Indian serotype O isolates belongs to the ME-SA topotype, circulation of different lineages has been noted. After its emergence in the year 2001, the ‘Ind2001’ lineage outcompeted the PanAsia lineage in causing serotype O outbreaks in the year 2009. Three isolates had an amino acid deletion at position 139 in the VP1 coding region and grouped with the ‘Ind2001’ lineage. The currently used Indian vaccine strain of serotype O covers all of the field isolates antigenically.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Crowther JR, Farias S, Carpenter WC, Samuel AR (1993) Identification of a fifth neutralizable site on type O foot-and-mouth disease virus following characterization of single and quintuple monoclonal antibody escape mutants. J Gen Virol 74:1547–1553
Giridharan P, Hemadri D, Tosh C, Sanyal A, Bandyopadhyay SK (2005) Development and evaluation of a multiplex PCR for differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease virus strains native to India. J Virol Methods 126:1–11
Hemadri D, Tosh C, Sanyal A, Venkataramanana R (2002) Emergences of a new strain of type O foot-and-mouth disease virus: its phylogenetic and evolutionary relationship with PanAsia pandemic strain. Virus Genes 25:23–34
Hemadri D, Tosh C, Venkataramanan R, Sanyal A, Samuel AR, Knowles NJ, Kitching RP (2000) Genetic analysis of foot-and-mouth disease virus type O isolates responsible for field outbreaks in India between 1993 and 1999. Epidemiol Infect 125:729–736
Kimura M (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J Mol Evol 16:111–120
Knowles NJ, Samuel AR (1995) Polymerase chain reaction amplification and cycle sequencing of the 1D (VP1) gene of foot-and-mouth disease viruses. Rpt Sess Res Gp Stand Tech Comm Eur Comm Control of FMD (FAO) Vienna Austria September 1994, pp 45–53
Knowles NJ, Samuel AR, Davies PR, Midgley RJ, Valarcher JF (2005) Pandemic strain of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O. Emerg Infect Dis 11(12):1887–1893
Martín MJ, Núñez JI, Sobrino F, Dopazo J (1998) A procedure for detecting selection in highly variable viral genomes: evidence of positive selection in antigenic regions of capsid protein VP1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Virol Methods 74(2):215–221
McCahon D, Crowther JR, Belsham GJ, Kitson JDA, Duchesne M, Have P, Meloen RH, Morgan DO, DeSimone F (1989) Evidence for at least four antigenic sites on type O foot-and-mouth disease virus involved in neutralization; identification by single and multiple site monoclonal antibody-resistant mutant. J Gen Virol 70:639–645
Posada D, Crandall KA (2001) Selecting the best-fit model of nucleotide substitution. Syst Biol 50:580–601
Rojas RE, Carrillo EC, Schiappacassi M, Campos R (1992) Modification of foot-and-mouth disease virus O1 Caseros after serial passages in the presence of antiviral polyclonal sera. J Virol 66:3368–3372
Rweyemamu MM (1984) Antigenic variation in foot-and mouth disease: studies based on the virus neutralization reaction. J Biol Stand 12:323–337
Rweyemamu MM, Booth JC, Head M, Pay TWF (1978) Micro-neutralization tests for serological typing and subtyping of foot-and-mouth disease virus strains. J Hyg Camb 81:107–123
Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S (2011) MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 28(10):2731–2739
Xie QC, McCahon D, Crowther JR, Belsham GJ, McCullough KC (1987) Neutralization of foot-and-mouth disease virus can be mediated through any of at least three separate antigenic sites. J Gen Virol 68:1637–1647
Acknowledgments
Indian Council of Agricultural Research provided necessary facilities to carry out this work. We sincerely thank all the past and continuing scientists of PDFMD who have been instrumental in maintaining the ‘National FMD Virus Repository’.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Das, B., Sanyal, A., Subramaniam, S. et al. Field outbreak strains of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus from India with a deletion in the immunodominant βG-βH loop of the VP1 protein. Arch Virol 157, 1967–1970 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-012-1380-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-012-1380-1