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Comparison of four infectious bursal disease viruses isolated from different bird species

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Summary

Four isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), isolated from chicken, duck, goose and sparrow in Jiangsu province of China in 2002, were compared. The viruses were stable to the treatments of 60 °C for 1 h, pH 2.0 and lipid solvents. Their antigenic relatedness values (R) were from 0.76 to 0.78. Chickens infected with the chicken isolate showed severe clinical symptoms of IBD and the mortality rate was 33.3% (2/6). Chickens infected with the other three viruses survived but their bursas were damaged and the bursa/body-weight ratios were lower than those of the uninfected control (p< 0.01). The titers of anti-IBDV antibody in infected chicken sera reached up to 1600 by virus neutralization and 6400 by ELISA at 10 days post infection. The sequences of the variable region of VP2 were aligned and compared, showing nucleotide variations ranging from 1.5 to 6.7% and deduced aminoacid variations from 0.8 to 2.2%. All had the same heptapeptide, S-W-S-A-S-G-S, Asp279, and Ala284. The four viruses clustered on a phylogenetic tree and were distant from the STC strain. These findings suggested that different bird species naturally infected with IBDV could serve as carriers or reservoirs in IBDV transmission and might play a role in the emergence of variant IBDV.

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Abbreviations

aa:

amino acid

BB ratio:

bursa weight in grams × 1000/total body weight in grams

CEF:

chicken embryo fibroblast

Ch:

IBDV isolated from chicken

CPE:

cytopathic effects

Du:

IBDV isolated from duck

Go:

IBDV isolated from goose

IBD(V):

infectious bursal disease (virus)

MAb:

monoclonal antibody

nt:

nucleotide

Sp:

IBDV isolated from sparrow

SPF:

specific-pathogen-free

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Wang, Y., Wang, Z., Tang, Y. et al. Comparison of four infectious bursal disease viruses isolated from different bird species. Arch Virol 152, 1787–1797 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-007-1022-1

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