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Phylogeography of Rosa soulieana (Rosaceae) in the Hengduan Mountains: refugia and ‘melting’ pots in the Quaternary climate oscillations

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Abstract

The Hengduan Mountains is the core of the Sino-Himalayan Floristic Region. Different views have been postulated from phylogeographic studies in understanding the historical biological events shaping present-day distributions and species diversities in this area. We analyzed the phylogeography of Rosa soulieana, a widely distributed rose species in dry and semi-dry valleys of the Hengduan Mountains of southwestern China using two cpDNA intergenic spacers. 9 cpDNA haplotypes were confirmed in 650 individuals from 39 populations, with the most dominant one existing in 36 populations. The relationship among the cpDNA haplotypes did not reflect the morphology-based intra-specific taxonomy of different varieties. There was very low cpDNA genetic diversity and relatively high population differentiation combined with lack of phylogeographic structure. The populations from Northwestern Yunnan, Southeastern Tibet and upper Yalongjiang River embraced most of the species genetic diversity, but with contribution of different historical effects. Northwestern Yunnan and upper Yalongjiang River appear to be the species refugia and centers of adaptive diversification, while Southeastern Tibet rather represents the species ‘melting pot’ in the Quaternary climate oscillations.

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Acknowledgments

We sincerely thank Dr. Sergei Volis for comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. We thank Dr. Yong-Hong Zhang for helping in data analysis. We thank Dr. Hong-Guang Zha and Ms. Min-Shu Song for assistance with the molecular techniques. We are also grateful to Dr. Lu-lin Ma, Ms. Xian-Qin Qiu and Mr. Shu-bin Li for helping with some field survey. This study was supported by a Joint Project between National Natural Science Foundation of China and Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. U1136601), the 100 Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2011312D11022) to Prof. Hang Sun; the National Natural Science Foundation of China 31260198 to Ms. Hong-Ying Jian, and the Academic and Technical Talents Training Project of Yunnan Province (Grant No. 2013 HB092) to Ms. Hong-Ying Jian. We are also thankful to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments in improving the quality of the present manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650200, China

    Hong-Ying Jian & Hang Sun

  2. Flower Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, 650205, China

    Hong-Ying Jian & Kai-Xue Tang

  3. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Hong-Ying Jian

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  1. Hong-Ying Jian
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  2. Kai-Xue Tang
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Correspondence to Hang Sun.

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Jian, HY., Tang, KX. & Sun, H. Phylogeography of Rosa soulieana (Rosaceae) in the Hengduan Mountains: refugia and ‘melting’ pots in the Quaternary climate oscillations. Plant Syst Evol 301, 1819–1830 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-015-1195-0

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