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A nanocomposite consisting of ionic liquid-functionalized layered Mg(II)/Al(III) double hydroxides for simultaneous electrochemical determination of cadmium(II), copper(II), mercury(II) and lead(II)

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Abstract

An electrochemical sensor is described for the simultaneous determination of Cd2+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with N,N-dimethyl-N-2-propenyl-2-propen-1-aminium chloride homopolymer ionic liquid doped into magnesium(II)-aluminium(III) layered double hydroxides. The morphology investigations suggest that the material possesses typical interconnected laminated micropores and a mesoporous architecture dispersed on the surface of the GCE. This accelerates mass diffusion and facilitates the deposition-stripping process of metal ions. Key operational parameters including pH, deposition potential, deposition time and the quantity of nanomaterial on the GCE were optimized. The following figures of merit for the ions Cd2+, Cu2+, Hg2+ and Pb2+ are obtained under optimum conditions: (a) detection limits of 250, 25, 250 and 16 ng L−1; (b) linear ranges from 0.5 to 20, 0.05 to 20, 0.5 to 20 and 0.05 to 20 μg L−1, and (c) peak potentials of −768, +42, +302 and − 541 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl). The modified GCE was successfully applied to the determination of these ions in spiked black tea extract and in dried tangerine peel.

Schematic representation of novel electrochemical sensor based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with IL-Mg/Al-LDHs composites for the simultaneous detection of Pb2+, Cd2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant No. 21005021 and No. 21375152) and Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 2016A030313740) and State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science (SKLACLS1813) and Special funds for the Cultivation of Guangdong College Students’ Scientific and Technological lnnovation (No. pdjh2019b0255).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China

    Jianfeng Zhou, Guohan Sun, Yufang Pan, Sumei Wang & Haiyun Zhai

  2. State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China

    Jianbin Pan

  3. The Key Unit of Chinese Medicine Digitalization Quality Evaluation of SATCM, State Administration of TCM, Guangzhou, 510006, Guangdong, China

    Sumei Wang

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  1. Jianfeng Zhou
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Correspondence to Haiyun Zhai.

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Zhou, J., Sun, G., Pan, J. et al. A nanocomposite consisting of ionic liquid-functionalized layered Mg(II)/Al(III) double hydroxides for simultaneous electrochemical determination of cadmium(II), copper(II), mercury(II) and lead(II). Microchim Acta 186, 767 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-019-3902-y

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