Abstract
Extrathoracic invasions or metastases from thymomas are extremely rare. We describe herein the case of a patient with malignant thymoma which recurred three times during an 8-year period and invaded directly into the peritoneal cavity, involving the gastrointestinal tract. The huge thymoma was completely resected, along with the fornix of the stomach, the transverse colon, and the 8th, 9th, and 10th ribs. Careful observation and multidisciplinary treatment against recurrent thymoma will be requisite for this patient, even though the tumor has been completely resected.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brown RC, Cohen WN, Rose EF (1976) Malignant thymoma with penetration into the gastrointestinal tract: report of two cases. South Med J 69:409–412
Guillan RA, Zelman S, Smalley RL, Iglesias PA (1971) Malignant thymoma associated with myasthenia gravis, and evidence of extrathoracic metastases. An analysis of published cases and report of a case. Cancer 27:823–830
Wick MR, Nichols WC, Ingle JN, Bruckman JE, Okazaki H (1981) Malignant, predominantly lymphocytic thymoma with central and peripheral nervous system metastases. Cancer 47:2036–2043
Rosai J (1996) Mediastinum. Thymoma. In: Rosai J (ed) Ackerman’s surgical pathology. Mosby-Year Book, Missouri, pp 442–452
Lattes R (1962) Thymoma and other tumors of the thymus. An analysis of 107 cases. Cancer 15:1224–1260
Bernatz PE, Khonsari S, Harrison EG, Taylor WF (1973) Thymoma: factors influencing prognosis. Surg Clin North Am 53:885–892
Masaoka A, Monden Y, Nakahara K, Tanioka T (1981) Followup study of thymomas with special reference to their clinical stages. Cancer 48:2485–2492
Hoffman W, Moeller P, Manke HG, Otto HF (1985) Thymoma A clincopathologic study of 98 cases with special reference to three unusual cases. Pathol Res Pract 179:337–353
Martin JME, Randhawa G, Temple WJ (1986) Cervical thymoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 10:354–357
Yamashita H, Murakami N, Noguchi S, Noguchi A, Yokoyama S, Moriuchi A, Nakayama I (1983) Acta Pathol Jpn 33:189–194
Green WR, Pressoir R, Gumbs RV, Warner O, Naab T, Qayumi M (1987) Intrapulmonary thymoma. Arch Pathol Lab Med 111:1074–1076
Baud M, Stamenkovic I, Kapanci Y (1981) Malignant thymomas. Clinicopathologic study of 13 cases. Prog Surg Pathol 3:129–146
Yamakawa Y, Masaoka A, Hashimoto T, Niwa H, Mizuno T, Fujii Y, Nakahara K (1991) A tentative tumor-node-metastasis classification of thymoma. Cancer 68:1984–1987
Tsuchiya R, Koga K, Matsuno Y, Mukai K, Shimosato Y (1994) Thymic carcinoma: proposal for pathological TNM and staging. Path Intern 44:505–512
Lewis JE, Wick MR, Scheithauer BW, Bernatz PE, Taylor WF (1987) Thymoma. A clinicopathologic review. Cancer 60:2727–2743
Wang LS, Huang MH, Lin TS, Huang BS, Chien KY (1992) Malignant thymoma. Cancer 70:443–450
Wilkins EW, Edmunds LH, Castleman B (1966) Cases of thymoma at the Massachusetts General Hospital. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 52:322–330
18 Wekerle H, Ketelsen UP (1977) Intrathymic pathogenesis and dual genetic control of myasthenia gravis. Lancet 1:678–680
Meinl E, Klinkert WEF, Wekerle H (1991) The thymus in myasthenia gravis. Changes typical for the human disease are absent in experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis of the Lewis rat. Am J Pathol 139:995–1008
Carlson RW, Dorfman RF, Sikic BI (1990) Successful treatment of metastatic thymic carcinoma with cisplatin, vinblastine, bleomycin, and etoposide chemotherapy. Cancer 66:2092–2094
Chahinian AP, Bhardwaj S, Meyer RJ, Jaffrey IS, Kirschner PA, Holland JF (1981) Treatment of invasive or metastatic thymoma. Report of eleven cases. Cancer 47:1752–1761
Uematsu M, Kondo M (1986) A proposal for treatment of invasive thymoma. Cancer 58:1979–1985
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fujikawa, T., Nakamura, Y., Matsusue, S. et al. Malignant thymoma with direct invasion into the peritoneal cavity: Report of a case. Surg Today 28, 451–454 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/s005950050163
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s005950050163