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Transcriptional profiling of arbuscular mycorrhizal roots exposed to high levels of phosphate reveals the repression of cell cycle-related genes and secreted protein genes in Rhizophagus irregularis

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Abstract

The development of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is strongly suppressed under high-phosphate (Pi) conditions. To investigate AM fungal responses during the suppression of AM by high Pi, we performed an RNA-seq analysis of Rhizophagus irregularis colonizing Lotus japonicus roots at different levels of Pi (20, 100, 300, and 500 μM). AM fungal colonization decreased markedly under high-Pi conditions. In total, 163 fungal genes were differentially expressed among the four Pi treatments. Among these genes, a cell cycle-regulatory gene, cyclin-dependent kinase CDK1, and several DNA replication- and mitosis-related genes were repressed under high-Pi conditions. More than 20 genes encoding secreted proteins were also downregulated by high-Pi conditions, including the strigolactone-induced putative secreted protein 1 gene that enhances AM fungal colonization. In contrast, the expression of genes related to aerobic respiration and transport in R. irregularis were largely unaffected. Our data suggest that high Pi suppresses the expression of genes associated with fungal cell cycle progression or that encode secreted proteins that may be required for intercellular hyphal growth and arbuscule formation. However, high Pi has little effect on the transcriptional regulation of the primary metabolism or transport in preformed fungal structures.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the National BioResource Project for supplying the L. japonicus B-129 seeds through the Frontier Science Research Center of the University of Miyazaki, Japan. We appreciate the great help by research assistants Ms. Reika Oguchi and Ms. Satomi Shimizu. This work was supported by the Science and Technology Research Promotion Program for Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries and the Food industry from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (grant no. 26036A), and ACCEL from the Japan Science and Technology Agency.

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  1. Department of Bioscience and Food Production Science, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan

    Yusaku Sugimura

  2. Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan

    Katsuharu Saito

  3. Research Center for Fungal & Microbial Dynamism, Shinshu University, Minamiminowa, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan

    Katsuharu Saito

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  1. Yusaku Sugimura
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Correspondence to Katsuharu Saito.

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Sugimura, Y., Saito, K. Transcriptional profiling of arbuscular mycorrhizal roots exposed to high levels of phosphate reveals the repression of cell cycle-related genes and secreted protein genes in Rhizophagus irregularis . Mycorrhiza 27, 139–146 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00572-016-0735-y

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