Skip to main content
Log in

Mature market segmentation: a comparison of artificial neural networks and traditional methods

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Neural Computing and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The need for in-depth knowledge of mature market segments and the need to overcome the limitations of using traditional methods to segment them motivate this study. The research objectives are (1) to examine neural networks, specifically Kohonen’s self-organising maps (SOM), as an alternative to traditional statistical segmentation methods (hierarchical and non-hierarchical cluster analysis) and (2) to identify segments in the mature market which may direct its targeting. The results show the superiority of non-hierarchical clustering and SOM over hierarchical clustering, and demonstrate their complementary nature. In addition, significant segments with particular characteristics are found in the mature market.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Abdel-Ghany M, Sharpe DL (1997) Consumption patterns among the young–old and old–old. J Consum Aff 31(1):90–112

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ainscough TL, Aronson JA (1999) An empirical investigation and comparison of neural networks and regression for scanner data analysis. J Retail Consum Serv 6(4):205–217. doi:10.1016/S0969-6989(98)00007-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Aldás J, Bigne E, Kuster I, Vila N (2003) El análisis cluster y el enfoque de redes neuronales en la segmentación del mercado de tercera edad: comparación de técnicas. XIII Congreso Nacional de ACEDE Proceedings, Salamanca, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  4. Arabie P, Hubert J, De Soete G (1996) Clustering and classification. World Scientific Publishing, River Edge

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Assael H, Roscoe AM (1976) Approaches to market segmentation analysis. J Mark 40(4):67–76. doi:10.2307/1251070

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Balakrishnan PV, Cooper MC, Jacob VS, Lewis PA (1994) A study of the classification capabilities of neural networks using unsupervised learning: a comparison with K-means clustering. Psychometrika 59(4):509–525. doi:10.1007/BF02294390

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Balakrishnan PV, Cooper MC, Jacob VS, Lewis PA (1996) Comparative performance of the FSCL neural net and K-means algorithm for market segmentation. Eur J Oper Res 93(2):346–357. doi:10.1016/0377-2217(96)00046-X

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  8. Barak B, Stern B (1986) Subjective age correlates: a research note. Gerontologist 26:571–578

    Google Scholar 

  9. Baumann EJ (1991) Productos para la tercera edad, pero no productos de la tercera edad. Alta Direccion 27(159):33–40

    Google Scholar 

  10. Bayus B, Metha R (1995) A segmentation model for the targeted marketing of consumer durables. J Mark Res 32(4):463–469. doi:10.2307/3152181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Bloom JZ (2004) Tourist market segmentation with linear and non-linear techniques. Tour Manage 25(6):723–733. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2003.07.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bloom JZ (2005) Market segmentation. A neural network application. Ann Tour Res 32(1):93–111. doi:10.1016/j.annals.2004.05.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Boone D, Roehm M (2002) Retail segmentation using artificial neural networks. Int J Res Mark 19(3):287–301. doi:10.1016/S0167-8116(02)00080-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Brockett PL, Xia X, Derrig RA (1998) Using Kohonen’s self-organizing feature map to uncover automobile bodily injury claims fraud. J Risk Insur 65(2):245–274. doi:10.2307/253535

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Carrigan M (1998) Segmenting the Grey market: the case of fifty-plus ‘lifegroups’. J Mark Pract 4(2):43–56. doi:10.1108/EUM0000000004485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Carrigan M (1999) Old spice—developing successful relationships with the grey market. Long Range Plann 32(2):253–262. doi:10.1016/S0024-6301(99)00024-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Chiger S (1998) Your 21st century customer. Catalog Age 15(7):1–183

    Google Scholar 

  18. Cooper P, Marshall G (1984) Exploring senior life satisfaction via market segmentation development and value exchange: an initial study. In: Smith S, Venkatesan M (eds) Advances in health care research. BYU Printing Press, Provo, pp 54–61

    Google Scholar 

  19. Curry B, Davies F, Evans M, Moutinho L, Phillips P (2003) The Kohonen self-organizing map as an alternative to cluster analysis: an application to direct marketing. Int J Market Res 2(2):191–211

    Google Scholar 

  20. Curry B, Davies F, Phillips P, Evans M, Moutinho L (2001) The Kohonen self-organizing map: an application to the study of strategic groups in the UK hotel industry. Expert Syst 18(1):19–31. doi:10.1111/1468-0394.00152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Dasgupta CG, Dispensa GS, Ghose S (1994) Comparing the predictive performance of a neural network model with some traditional market response models. Int J Forecast 10(2):235–244. doi:10.1016/0169-2070(94)90004-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Desmet P (2001) Buying behavior study with basket analysis: pre-clustering with a Kohonen map. Eur J Econ Soc Syst 15(2):17–30. doi:10.1051/ejess:2001113

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Dodge RD (1958) Selling the older consumer. J Retail 34(2):73–81

    Google Scholar 

  24. Flavián C, Martínez E, Polo Y (1998) Productos consumidores versus ahorradores de tiempo: Un estudio exploratorio. Distribucion Consumo 8(37):146–157

    Google Scholar 

  25. Grande I (1993) Marketing estratégico para la tercera edad. Esic Editorial, Madrid

    Google Scholar 

  26. Grande I (1999) Consumidores de tercera edad. ¿Un segmento o muchos? Distribución y consumo 9(45):124–130

    Google Scholar 

  27. Grande I (1999) Las actitudes de los consumidores mayores ante la compra y sus consecuencias sobre la gestión de marketing. Estud Sobre Consumo 51:53–66

    Google Scholar 

  28. Hair JF, Anderson RE, Tatham RL, Black WC (1999) Multivariate data analysis with readings. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs

    Google Scholar 

  29. Herrill J, Weeks W (1983) Predicting and identifying benefit segments in the elderly market. AMA Educators’ Proceedings, AMA, 399–403

  30. Hruschka H, Natter M (1999) Comparing the performance of feedforward neural nets and K means for clustered based market segmentation. Eur J Oper Res 114(2):346–353. doi:10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00170-2

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Instituto Nacional de Estadística (1999) Encuesta de Presupuestos Familiares 1990–91. Metodología. Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Madrid, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  32. Instituto Nacional del Consumo (2001) La tercera edad y el consumo. Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Madrid, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  33. Kalish R (1983) La vejez. Perspectivas sobre el desarrollo humano. Pirámide, Madrid, Spain

    Google Scholar 

  34. Kohonen T (1982) Self organized formation of topologically correct feature maps. Biol Cybern 43:59–69. doi:10.1007/BF00337288

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  35. Kohonen T (1984) Self-organization and associative memory. Springer, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. Krycha KA, Wagner U (1999) Applications of artificial neural networks in management science, a survey. J Retail Consum Serv 6(4):287–301. doi:10.1016/S0969-6989(98)00006-X

    Google Scholar 

  37. Martínez E, Polo Y (1999) Determining factors in family purchasing behaviour, an empirical investigation. J Consum Mark 16(5):461–481. doi:10.1108/07363769910289569

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Mazanec JA (1992) Classifying tourists into market segments: a neural network approach. J Travel Tour Mark 1(1):39–59. doi:10.1300/J073v01n01_04

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Mazanec JA (1993) Apriori and aposteriori segmentation: heading for unification with neural network modeling. In: Proceedings of the 22nd EMAC Conference, European Marketing Academy, vol. 1, Barcelona, pp 889–917

  40. Mazanec JA (1994) Image measurement with self-organizing maps: a tentative application to Austrian tour operators. Tour Rev 49(3):9–18. doi:10.1108/eb058159

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Mazanec JA (1999) Simultaneous positioning and segmentation analysis with topologically ordered feature maps, a tour operator example. J Retail Consum Serv 6(4):219–315. doi:10.1016/S0969-6989(98)00037-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Miller N, Kim S (1999) The importance of older consumers to small business survival, evidence from rural Iowa. J Small Bus Manage 37(4):1–15

    Google Scholar 

  43. Milligan GW, Cooper MC (1985) An examination of procedures for determining the number of clusters in a data set. Psychometrika 50:159–179. doi:10.1007/BF02294245

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Moschis GP, Lee E, Mathur A (1997) Targeting the mature market, opportunities and challenges. J Consum Mark 14(4):282–293. doi:10.1108/07363769710188536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Nielson J, Curry K (1997) Creative strategies for connecting with mature individuals. J Consum Mark 14(4):310–322. doi:10.1108/07363769710188563

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Oates B, Shufeldt L, Vaught B (1996) A psychographic study of the elderly and retail store attributes. J Consum Mark 13(6):14–27. doi:10.1108/07363769610152572

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Punj G, Stewart DW (1983) Cluster analysis in marketing research, review and suggestions for applications. J Mark Res 20(2):134–148. doi:10.2307/3151680

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Redondo I (1998) Cómo y para qué identificar a los no-compradores. Distribucion Consumo 8(42):22–28

    Google Scholar 

  49. Redondo I, Royo M, Aldás J (2001) A family life cycle model adapted to the Spanish environment. Eur J Mark 35(5/6):612–638. doi:10.1108/03090560110388132

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Sandor G (1994) Attitude (not age) defines de mature market. Am Demogr 16(1):18–21

    Google Scholar 

  51. Silvers C (1997) Smashing old stereotypes of 50-Plus America. J Consum Mark 14(4):303–309. doi:10.1108/07363769710188554

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Sirvadas E, Mathew G, Curry DJ (1997) A preliminary examination of the continuing significance of social class to marketing, a geodemographic replication. J Consum Mark 14(6):463–479. doi:10.1108/07363769710186097

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Soberon-Ferrer H, Dardis R (1991) Determinants of household expenditures for services. J Consum Res 17(4):385–397. doi:10.1086/208565

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. StatSoft (1999) Statistica Neural Networks, Release 4.0B. Statsoft, Tulsa, Oklahoma

    Google Scholar 

  55. Tabachnick BG, Fidell LS (1996) Using multivariate statistics. HarperCollins, New York

    Google Scholar 

  56. Tinker A (1994) Older people in the 1990s, an emerging opportunity for research. J Mark Res Soc 36(3):245–256

    Google Scholar 

  57. Tongren HN (1988) Determinant behaviour characteristics of older consumers. J Consum Aff 22(1):136–157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Tuan N, Sanz de la Tajada LA (1970) Un modelo de segmentación de mercados: ISIS. Marketing Actualidad, March, pp 47–59

  59. Underhill L, Cadwell F (1983) What age do you fell. Age perception study. J Consum Mark 1(1):18–27. doi:10.1108/eb008080

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Vilchez LF (1994) Nuevos segmentos de demanda. Estrategias de marketing para los consumidores de mayor edad. Distribucion Consumo 4(18):102–107

    Google Scholar 

  61. Villanueva M (1997) La edad autopercibida, una nueva aproximación al estudio del comportamiento del consumidor de las personas de más edad. Esic Market 196:57–59

    Google Scholar 

  62. Villanueva M, Grande I (1997) ¿Es todo marketing de intercambio? Elección de mercado de los consumidores maduros. In: Proceedings of the IX Encuentros de Profesores Universitarios de Marketing, Murcia, Spain, pp 445–463

  63. Vriens M, Wedel M, Wilms T (1996) Metric conjoint segmentation methods, a Monte Carlo comparison. J Mark Res 33(1):73–85. doi:10.2307/3152014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Wedel M, Kamakura W (2000) Market segmentation, conceptual and methodological foundations. Kluwer Academic Publishing, Norwell

    Google Scholar 

  65. Wilkes R (1992) A structural modelling approach to the measurement and meaning of cognitive age. J Consum Res 19(2):292–301. doi:10.1086/209303

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  66. Wind Y (1978) Issues and advances in segmentation research. J Mark Res 15(3):317–337. doi:10.2307/3150580

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Joaquin Aldas-Manzano acknowledges the financial support of the research project of the Spanish Ministry of Education and Sciences, FEDER (SEC2008-03813/ECON).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Inés Küster.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bigné, E., Aldas-Manzano, J., Küster, I. et al. Mature market segmentation: a comparison of artificial neural networks and traditional methods. Neural Comput & Applic 19, 1–11 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-008-0226-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-008-0226-y

Keywords

Navigation