Skip to main content
Log in

Development and initial evaluation of electronic Children's International Mucositis Evaluation Scale (eChIMES) for children with cancer

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Supportive Care in Cancer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

We previously developed a pediatric-specific measure of oral mucositis named the Children's International Mucositis Evaluation Scale (ChIMES). Availability as an electronic version may improve self-report response rates. The objectives were to develop an electronic version of ChIMES (eChIMES) and to determine whether the instrument is easy to use, understandable, and suitable for measuring mucositis among children and adolescents with cancer.

Methods

Development of eChIMES was on an iPad; the initial version was piloted with ten children to refine instructions for use and presentation. A crosssectional study then was conducted and included English-speaking children and adolescents 8–18 years of age receiving active treatment for cancer. Participants were shown eCHIMES and were asked to complete it. Questions elicited whether they found eChIMES easy or difficult to use, easy or difficult to understand, and suitable (a good way) for children with cancer to monitor mucositis. Outcomes were rated using five-point ordinal scales.

Results

Following the development and initial refinement of eChIMES, 40 children were enrolled. Median age was 12.4 (range, 8.0 to 17.8) years. The instrument was found to be easy or very easy to use and understood by 40 (100 %) and 38 (95 %) participants, respectively. The application was considered suitable or very suitable for measuring mucositis by 37 (92 %).

Conclusions

We found that eChIMES was easy to use, understandable, and suitable for monitoring mucositis among children with cancer. Incorporation into clinical trials may improve the ability to compare and evaluate interventions for mucositis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Alfven G (2010) SMS pain diary: a method for real-time data capture of recurrent pain in childhood. Acta Paediatr 99:1047–1053

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bennett AV, Jensen RE, Basch EM (2012) Electronic patient-reported outcome systems in oncology clinical practice. CA Cancer J Clin 62:337–347

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Gaertner J, Elsner F, Pollmann-Dahmen K, Radbruch L, Sabatowski R (2004) Electronic pain diary: a randomized crossover study. J Pain Symptom Manag 28:259–267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Magasi S, Ryan G, Revicki D, Lenderking W, Hays RD, Brod M, Snyder C, Boers M, Cella D (2012) Content validity of patient-reported outcome measures: perspectives from a PROMIS meeting. Qual Life Res 21:739–746

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, Version 3.0, DCTD, NCI, NIH, DHHS. March 31, 2003 (http://ctep.cancer.gov), Publish Date: August 9, 2006

  6. World Health Organization (1979) Handbook for Reporting Results of Cancer Treatment. World Health Organization City, Geneva, pp 15–22

    Google Scholar 

  7. Palermo TM, Valenzuela D, Stork PP (2004) A randomized trial of electronic versus paper pain diaries in children: impact on compliance, accuracy, and acceptability. Pain 107:213–219

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Parulekar W, Mackenzie R, Bjarnason G, Jordan RC (1998) Scoring oral mucositis. Oral Oncol 34:63–71

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sonis ST (1993) Oral complications of cancer therapy. In: De Vita VT Jr, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA (eds) Cancer: Principles and Practices of Oncology. Lippincott-Raven, Philadelphia, pp 2385–2394

    Google Scholar 

  10. Sonis ST, Eilers JP, Epstein JB, LeVeque FG, Liggett WH Jr, Mulagha MT, Peterson DE, Rose AH, Schubert MM, Spijkervet FK, Wittes JP (1999) Validation of a new scoring system for the assessment of clinical trial research of oral mucositis induced by radiation or chemotherapy. Mucositis Study Group. Cancer 85:2103–2113

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Spijkervet FK, Sonis ST (1998) New frontiers in the management of chemotherapy-induced mucositis. Curr Opin Oncol 10(Suppl 1):S23–27

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Stinson JN (2009) Improving the assessment of pediatric chronic pain: harnessing the potential of electronic diaries. Pain Res Manag 14:59–64

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Stinson JN, Petroz GC, Stevens BJ, Feldman BM, Streiner D, McGrath PJ, Gill N (2008) Working out the kinks: testing the feasibility of an electronic pain diary for adolescents with arthritis. Pain Res Manag 13:375–382

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Stinson JN, Petroz GC, Tait G, Feldman BM, Streiner D, McGrath PJ, Stevens BJ (2006) e-Ouch: usability testing of an electronic chronic pain diary for adolescents with arthritis. Clin J Pain 22:295–305

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Stinson JN, Stevens BJ, Feldman BM, Streiner D, McGrath PJ, Dupuis A, Gill N, Petroz GC (2008) Construct validity of a multidimensional electronic pain diary for adolescents with arthritis. Pain 136:281–292

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Tomlinson D, Gibson F, Treister N, Baggott C, Judd P, Hendershot E, Maloney AM, Doyle J, Feldman B, Kwong K, Sung L (2009) Understandability, content validity and overall acceptability of the Children's International Mucositis Evaluation Scale(ChIMES): child and parent reporting. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 31:416–423

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Tomlinson D, Gibson F, Treister N, Baggott C, Judd P, Hendershot E, Maloney AM, Doyle J, Feldman B, Kwong K, Sung L (2010) Refinement of the Children's International Mucositis Evaluation Scale (ChIMES): child and parent perspectives on understandability, content validity and acceptability. Eur J Oncol Nurs 14:29–41

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Tomlinson D, Gibson F, Treister N, Baggott C, Judd P, Hendershot E, Maloney AM, Doyle J, Feldman B, Sung L (2009) Designing an oral mucositis assessment instrument for use in children: generating items using a nominal group technique. Support Care Cancer 17:555–562

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Tomlinson D, Gibson F, Treister N, Hendershot E, Maloney A, Judd P, Doyle J, Baggott C, Feldman B, Sung L (2008) Challenges of mucositis assessment in children: expert opinion. Eur J Oncol Nurs 12:469–475

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Tomlinson D, Isitt JJ, Barron RL, Doyle J, Judd P, Gassas A, Naqvi A, Sung L (2008) Determining the understandability and acceptability of an oral mucositis daily questionnaire. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 25:107–111

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Tomlinson D, Judd P, Hendershot E, Maloney AM, Sung L (2007) Measurement of oral mucositis in children: a review of the literature. Support Care Cancer 15:1251–1258

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Tomlinson D, Judd P, Hendershot E, Maloney AM, Sung L (2008) Establishing literature-based items for an oral mucositis assessment tool in children. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 25:139–147

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by an operating grant from the Garron Family Cancer Centre. LS is supported by a New Investigator Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. We also acknowledge Nick van Weerdenberg for his excellent assistance in the production of the application.

Conflict of interest

The author(s) declare that they have no competing interests.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lillian Sung.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Tomlinson, D., Hesser, T., Maloney, AM. et al. Development and initial evaluation of electronic Children's International Mucositis Evaluation Scale (eChIMES) for children with cancer. Support Care Cancer 22, 115–119 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-1953-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-013-1953-x

Keywords

Navigation