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Cold stress aggravates inflammatory responses in an LPS-induced mouse model of acute lung injury

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Abstract

Although the relationship between environmental cold temperature and susceptibility to respiratory infection is generally accepted, the effect of ambient cold temperature on host reactivity in lung inflammation has not been fully studied. To examine the function of ambient cold temperature on lung inflammation, mice were exposed to 4 °C for 8 h each day for 14 days. In the lungs of mice exposed to cold stress, inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and lung tissues were slightly increased by about twofold. However, the structures of pulmonary epithelial cells were kept within normal limits. Next, we examined the effect of cold stress on the inflammatory responses in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model. The infiltration of neutrophils and inflammation of lung tissue determined by histology were significantly increased by exposure to ambient cold temperature. In addition, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)-12, IL-17, and monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG) was elevated by exposure to cold stress. Therefore, we suggest that cold stress is a factor that exacerbates lung inflammation including ALI. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the relationship between cold stress and severity of lung inflammation.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by the Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM, Grant No. K14305) and by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (MISP), Government of Korea (Grant No. 2014R1A5A20009936).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870, Republic of Korea

    Su-Yeon Joo, Myungsoo Joo & Ki-Tae Ha

  2. Korean Medicine Research Center for Healthy Aging, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 626-870, Republic of Korea

    Su-Yeon Joo, Mi-Ju Park, Kyun-Ha Kim, Hee-Jung Choi, Tae-Wook Chung, Myungsoo Joo & Ki-Tae Ha

  3. Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, 705-703, Republic of Korea

    Yong Jin Kim

  4. Department of Bio Health Science, College of Natural Sciences, Changwon National University, Changwon, 641-773, Republic of Korea

    Joung Hee Kim

  5. Department of Clinical Pathology, TaeKyeung University, Gyeongsan, 712-719, Republic of Korea

    Keuk-Jun Kim

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  1. Su-Yeon Joo
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Correspondence to Ki-Tae Ha.

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All experimental procedures followed the Guidelines for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health of Korea, and all the experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Pusan National University (Busan, Korea).

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Joo, SY., Park, MJ., Kim, KH. et al. Cold stress aggravates inflammatory responses in an LPS-induced mouse model of acute lung injury. Int J Biometeorol 60, 1217–1225 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-015-1116-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-015-1116-5

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