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Induction of somatic embryogenesis from different explants of shoot cultures derived from young Quercus alba trees

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Abstract

The induction of somatic embryogenesis from shoot apices and leaf explants of shoot cultures derived from 6- to 7-year-old white oak (Quercus alba L.) trees is reported in this study. Embryogenic response was obtained in two out of the three genotypes evaluated with embryo induction frequencies up to 50.7% for WOQ-1 and 3.4% for WOQ-5 genotypes. The embryogenic explants formed translucent nodular structures and cotyledonary-stage somatic embryos, which developed from callus tissue, indicating an indirect embryogenesis process. An efficient procedure was developed for WOQ-1 material on the basis of the most appropriate leaf developmental stage. Growing leaves excised from two nodes below the shoot apex showed the highest embryogenic induction index. These leaves contain cells in an undifferentiated state, as shown by the presence of precursor cells of stomata, absence of intercellular spaces and low starch content in the mesophyll cells. Nodular structures and/or somatic embryos began to arise 7–8 weeks after culture initiation, although most emerged after 9–12 weeks in culture. The sequence of application of media for somatic embryo induction was optimized with a two-step procedure consisting of culturing the explants in medium supplemented with 21.48 μM NAA and 2.22 μM BA for 8 weeks and transfer of explants into plant growth regulator-free medium for another 12 weeks. Clonal embryogenic lines were established and maintained by secondary embryogenesis. Embryo germination (30%) and plantlet conversion (16.6%) were achieved after cold storage for 2 months.

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Acknowledgments

Thanks are given to M. J. Cernadas for her technical assistance. We also thank Foresta Mantenimiento de Plantaciones for kindly providing the plant material. This research was partially funded by Xunta de Galicia (Spain) through the project 09MRU002400PR.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia, CSIC, Avda. de Vigo s/n, Apartado 122, 15780, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    E. Corredoira, M. C. San-José & A. M. Vieitez

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  1. E. Corredoira
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  2. M. C. San-José
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  3. A. M. Vieitez
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Correspondence to A. M. Vieitez.

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Communicated by K. Klimaszewska.

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Corredoira, E., San-José, M.C. & Vieitez, A.M. Induction of somatic embryogenesis from different explants of shoot cultures derived from young Quercus alba trees. Trees 26, 881–891 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-011-0662-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-011-0662-7

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