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Kinetics of batch anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw including a novel strategy of estimation of endogenous decay and yield coefficients using numerical integration

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Abstract

The kinetics of anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw has not been widely reported in the literature. Since endogenous decay and yield coefficients are two basic parameters for the design of anaerobic digesters, they are currently estimated only by continues experiments. In this study, numerical integration was employed to develop a novel strategy to estimate endogenous decay and yield coefficients using initial and final liquid data combined with methane volumes produced over time in batch experiments. To verify this method, the kinetics of batch anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw at different TS and VS levels was investigated, with the corresponding endogenous decay and (non-observed) yield coefficients in the exponential periods determined to be between 0.74 × 10−3 and 6.1 × 10−3 d−1, and between 0.0259 and 0.108 g VSS (g VS)−1, respectively. A general Gompertz model developed early for bio-product could be used to simulate the methane volume profile in the co-digestion. The same model parameters obtained from the methane model combined with the corresponding yield coefficients could also be used to describe the VSS generation and VS destruction.

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Abbreviations

b:

Fitted constant in the Gompertz model (dimensionless)

c:

Fitted constant in the Gompertz model (d)

e:

Base of the natural logarithm (dimensionless)

gmp :

Maximum bio-product rate (i.e., at the deflection point of P vs. t curve) (mL d−1)

K:

Maximum rate constant in the Monod model (d−1)

KS :

Half-saturation rate coefficient in the Monod model (g)

kd :

Endogenous decay coefficient (d−1)

m:

Sample size

P:

Cumulated biogas volume (mL)

P i :

Value of point i calculated from the models

P m :

Maximum gas volume (mL)

P0 :

Fitted constant in the Gompertz model (mL)

pi :

Observed value of point i

\(\overline{p}\) :

Mean of the observed data

R 2 :

Coefficients of determination

S:

Substrate mass in the digester represented by the volatile solid (VS) (g)

SSres :

Sums of squares of residuals

SStol :

Total sum of squares of deviations

t:

Digestion time (d)

X:

Microbial mass represented by the suspended volatile solid (VSS) (g)

YX/S :

Yield coefficient of microbial mass to substrate mass (g VSS (g VS)−1)

\({\text{Y}}_{{{\text{X}}/{\text{P}}}} = {\text{Y}}_{{{\text{S}}/{\text{X}}}} /{\text{Y}}_{{{\text{P}}/{\text{S}}}}\) :

Yield coefficient of microbial mass to methane volume (g VSS mL−1)

λ :

Lag time, which is defined as the t axis intercept of the tangent through the inflection point (d)

µ m :

Maximum specific growth rate (d−1)

c:

Calculated datum

fc:

Final calculated datum

fe:

Final experimental datum

i :

Index of the observed points

ob:

Observed datum

0:

Initial datum

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Acknowledgments

This work is financially supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project 1003122, and the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station.

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  1. Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Room 114, 1180 W Cassatt St., Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA

    Jiacheng Shen & Jun Zhu

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  1. Jiacheng Shen
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Correspondence to Jiacheng Shen.

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Shen, J., Zhu, J. Kinetics of batch anaerobic co-digestion of poultry litter and wheat straw including a novel strategy of estimation of endogenous decay and yield coefficients using numerical integration. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 39, 1553–1565 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-016-1630-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-016-1630-9

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