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Potential dental pulp revascularization and odonto-/osteogenic capacity of a novel transplant combined with dental pulp stem cells and platelet-rich fibrin

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Abstract

Our aim is to investigate the cytobiological effects of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and to explore the ectopic and orthotopic possibilities of dental pulp revascularization and pulp-dentin complex regeneration along the root canal cavities of the tooth by using a novel tissue-engineered transplant composed of cell-sheet fragments of DPSCs and PRF granules. Canine DPSCs were isolated and characterized by assaying their colony-forming ability and by determining their cell surface markers and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation potential. The biological effects of autologous PRF on DPSCs, including cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and odonto-/osteogenic gene expression, were then investigated and quantified. A novel transplant consisting of cell-sheet fragments of DPSCs and PRF granules was adopted to regenerate pulp-dentin-like tissues in the root canal, both subcutaneously in nude mice and in the roots of canines. PRF promoted the proliferation of DPSCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner and induced the differentiation of DPSCs to odonto-/osteoblastic fates by increasing the expression of the Alp, Dspp, Dmp1 and Bsp genes. Transplantation of the DPSC/PRF construct led both to a favorable regeneration of homogeneous and compact pulp-like tissues with abundantly distributed blood capillaries and to the deposition of regenerated dentin along the intracanal walls at 8 weeks post-operation. Thus, the application of DPSC/PRF tissue constructs might serve as a potential therapy in regenerative endodontics for pulp revitalization or revascularization.

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of General Dentistry and Emergency, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changle West Road, Xi’an, 710032, China

      Yong-Jin Chen, Yin-Hua Zhao, Ya-Juan Zhao, Nan-Xia Liu, Xin Lv, Qiang Li & Min Zhang

    2. State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology & Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 145 Changle West Road, Xi’an, 710032, China

      Fa-Ming Chen

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    1. Yong-Jin Chen
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    2. Yin-Hua Zhao
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    Correspondence to Min Zhang.

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    Yong-Jin Chen, Yin-Hua Zhao and Ya-Juan Zhao contributed equally to this work.

    Animal experiments were undertaken after being approved by the Animal Experimental Ethical Inspection of FMMU (no. 12011).

    This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 81371188, 31170888).

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    Chen, YJ., Zhao, YH., Zhao, YJ. et al. Potential dental pulp revascularization and odonto-/osteogenic capacity of a novel transplant combined with dental pulp stem cells and platelet-rich fibrin. Cell Tissue Res 361, 439–455 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-015-2125-8

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