Abstract
This study has investigated the patterns of colocalisation of the conventional K cell marker, glucagon-like insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and the L cell markers, glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), in enteroendocrine cells (EEC) of the small intestine and colon of mouse and pig. All combinations of the hormones, 3 in a cell, 2 in a cell and 1 at a time, were encountered. In both species, the three most common EEC types contained (1) both GLP-1 and PYY but not GIP, (2) GLP-1 alone or (3) GIP plus GLP-1 without PYY. Few GIP plus PYY cells and rare cells containing all 3 hormones were encountered. Gradients of cell types occurred along the intestine. For example, in mouse, there were no PYY cells in the duodenum and few in the jejunum, but >50 % of labelled EEC in the distal ileum and colon were PYY immunoreactive. By contrast, over 40 % of EEC in the pig duodenum contained PYY, and most also contained either GLP-1 or GIP. The gradient in pig was less pronounced. It is concluded that the traditional classification of K and L cells requires revision, and that there are major inter-species differences in the patterns of colocalisation of hormones that have been used to characterise K and L cells.
References
Akiba Y, Kaunitz JD (2014) Duodenal luminal chemosensing; acid, ATP, and nutrients. Curr Pharm Des 20:2760–2765
Breer H, Eberle J, Frick C, Haid D, Widmayer P (2012) Gastrointestinal chemosensation: chemosensory cells in the alimentary tract. Histochem Cell Biol 138:13–24
Brubaker PL (2012) A beautiful cell (or two or three?). Endocrinology 153:2945–2948
Cho H-J, Callaghan B, Bron R, Bravo DM, Furness JB (2014a) Identification of enteroendocrine cells that express TRPA1 channels in the mouse intestine. Cell Tissue Res 356:77–82
Cho H-J, Robinson ES, Rivera LR et al (2014b) Glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY are in separate storage organelles in enteroendocrine cells. Cell Tissue Res 357:63–69
Cox HM, Pollock EL, Tough IR, Herzog H (2001) Multiple Y receptors mediate pancreatic polypeptide responses in mouse colon mucosa. Peptides 22:445–452
Cox HM, Tough IR, Woolston A-M, Zhang L, Nguyen AD, Sainsbury A, Herzog H (2010) Peptide YY is critical for acylethanolamine receptor Gpr119-induced activation of gastrointestinal mucosal responses. Cell Metab 11:532–542
Egerod KL, Engelstoft MS, Grunddal KV et al (2012) A major lineage of enteroendocrine cells coexpress CCK, secretin, GIP, GLP-1, PYY, and neurotensin but not somatostatin. Endocrinology 153:5782–5795
Engelstoft MS, Egerod KL, Lund ML, Schwartz TW (2013) Enteroendocrine cell types revisited. Curr Opin Pharm 13:912–921
Furness JB, Rivera LR, Cho H-J, Bravo DM, Callaghan B (2013) The gut as a sensory organ. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 10:729–740
Habib AM, Richards P, Cairns LS et al (2012) Overlap of endocrine hormone expression in the mouse intestine revealed by transcriptional profiling and flow cytometry. Endocrinology 153:3054–3065
Janssen S, Depoortere I (2013) Nutrient sensing in the gut: new roads to therapeutics? Trends Endocrinol Metab 24:92–100
Mortensen K, Christensen LL, Holst JJ, Orskov C (2003) GLP-1 and GIP are colocalized in a subset of endocrine cells in the small intestine. Regul Pept 114:189–196
Rehfeld JF (2004) A centenary of gastrointestinal endocrinology. Horm Metab Res 36:735–741
Sundler F, Ekblad E, Hakanson R (1993) Localization and colocalisation of gastrointestinal peptides. Handb Exp Pharmacol 106:1–28
Tatemoto K (1982) Isolation and characterization of peptide YY (PYY), a candidate gut hormone that inhibits pancreatic exocrine secretion. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 79:2514–2518
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by funding from Pancosma, SA. We thank Professor Frank Dunshea and Maree Cox of the Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences for supplying intestinal samples from pigs. We utilised facilities of the Australian Phenomics Network Histopathology and Organ Pathology Service, University of Melbourne.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Hyun-Jung Cho and Samin Kosari are equal first authors
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cho, HJ., Kosari, S., Hunne, B. et al. Differences in hormone localisation patterns of K and L type enteroendocrine cells in the mouse and pig small intestine and colon. Cell Tissue Res 359, 693–698 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-014-2033-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00441-014-2033-3