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The global burden of fasciolosis in domestic animals with an outlook on the contribution of new approaches for diagnosis and control

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Abstract

Fasciolosis is an economically important disease for livestock, as well as being zoonotic. Recent figures on the prevalence of this disease have caused alarm concerning its potential for an increased prevalence in the future. The prevalence of fascioliosis has been documented from different regions of the world, helping us identify areas where future research needs to be focused. This manuscript is a review of the current status of the disease, the pathogenic species involved, diagnostic techniques (with new modifications and comparative specificity, sensitivity, and rapidity of these tests), chemotherapy, and vaccination. This also encompasses inaccurate reports on vaccination and drug development as well as the latest technologies to find promising candidates for drugs and vaccines. Drugs with lower efficacy have been used on some farms which lead to exacerbation of the clinical disease, presumably due to the development of drug resistance. Future studies should be focused on (1) the use of the most reliable diagnostic tests for periodic monitoring of the disease, (2) insights of the ecobiology and transmission dynamics of the snail intermediate host and the best possible methods of their control, (3) in vitro and in vivo testing of chemotherapeutic compounds using sensitive methods, and (4) the identification of novel drug and vaccine candidates using modern molecular markers. This approach may help increase the reliability of chemotherapeutic agents and control nuisance, ultimately reducing the economic losses attributable to the livestock industry around the world.

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Acknowledgment

The authors are thankful to Adam Novobilsky, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Section for Parasitology, Sweden, for help in collecting electronic data. The efforts of Dr. Thomas J. Nolan, Professor of Parasitology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA, in correcting the English grammar during the preparation of the manuscript are highly appreciated.

Conflict of interest statement

We declare that none of the authors have any conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China

    Muhammad Kasib Khan, Lan He & Junlong Zhao

  2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China

    Muhammad Kasib Khan, Lan He, Muhammad Shahzad & Junlong Zhao

  3. Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Muhammad Kasib Khan, Muhammad Sohail Sajid, Muhammad Nisar Khan & Zafar Iqbal

  4. China Education Ministry’s Key Laboratory in Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Hasan Riaz

  5. Basic Medical College, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430065, China

    Nazia Ehsan Ahmad

  6. Livestock and Dairy Development Department, District Sheikhupura, Punjab, Pakistan

    Altaf Hussain

Authors
  1. Muhammad Kasib Khan
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  2. Muhammad Sohail Sajid
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  3. Hasan Riaz
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  4. Nazia Ehsan Ahmad
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  5. Lan He
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  6. Muhammad Shahzad
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  7. Altaf Hussain
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  8. Muhammad Nisar Khan
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  9. Zafar Iqbal
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  10. Junlong Zhao
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Muhammad Kasib Khan.

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Khan, M.K., Sajid, M.S., Riaz, H. et al. The global burden of fasciolosis in domestic animals with an outlook on the contribution of new approaches for diagnosis and control. Parasitol Res 112, 2421–2430 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3464-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3464-6

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