Abstract
Purpose
The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), an inflammation-based prognostic score systems composed of C-reactive protein and albumin, has been reported to be predictive of survival in several types of malignancies. The prognostic significance of GPS in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear. We conducted this study to assess the prognostic value of GPS in a cohort of patients with advanced EOC receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by debulking surgery.
Methods
Six hundred and seventy-two patients newly diagnosed with advanced EOC were retrospectively analyzed.
Results
High GPS was significantly related to Eastern Cooperative Group performance status, histological type, histological grade and the size of residual tumor after the debulking surgery. In addition, patients with higher GPS at diagnosis achieved lower complete remission rates after NAC (P < 0.05) and had shorter progression-free survival (PFS; P < 0.001) and overall survival (OS; P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed high GPS was independent adverse predictors of PFS and OS.
Conclusions
Our data demonstrated that GPS at diagnosis is a powerful independent prognostic factor for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer. However, further studies are needed to prospectively validate this prognostic model and investigate the mechanisms underlying the correlation between high GPS and poor prognosis in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
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Abbreviations
- GPS:
-
Glasgow Prognostic Score
- EOC:
-
Epithelial ovarian cancer
- NAC:
-
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- CRP:
-
C-reactive protein
- PFS:
-
Progression-free survival
- OS:
-
Overall survival
- ECOG PS:
-
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status
- FIGO:
-
International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics
- HR:
-
Hazard ratio
- CI:
-
Confidence intervals
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Acknowledgments
We thank the patients and their families and all the investigators, including the physicians, nurses and laboratory technicians in this study.
Funding
Our work was supported by the following funds: Science and Technology Projects of Guangdong Province (contract/Grant Numbers: 2014A020212577), Young Teachers’ Cultivation Project of Sun Yat-Sen University (No. 16ykpy30) and Medical Research Foundation of Guangdong Province (contract/Grant Number: A2015008).
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Jiayu Zhu, Hua Wang, Cheng-Cheng Liu, Yue Lu and Hailin Tang declare that they have no conflict of interest.
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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.
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Jia-yu Zhu, Hua Wang and Cheng-Cheng Liu contributed equally to this article.
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Zhu, J., Wang, H., Liu, CC. et al. The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) is a novel prognostic indicator in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: a multicenter retrospective study. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 142, 2339–2345 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-016-2228-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-016-2228-y