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Microarray analyses reveal liver metastasis-related genes in metastatic colorectal cancer cell model

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Abstract

Purpose

To study the molecular mechanisms of colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Methods

Cecal wall implantation was performed in nude mice to subclone a highly liver metastatic human colorectal cancer clone (SW1116-M) from SW1116. In vivo and in vitro assays were adopted to confirm the proliferation and metastasis potential. The human tumor metastasis PCR microarrays were used to analyze the differential gene expressions. The results were confirmed further by real-time quantitative PCR.

Results

SW1116-M and SW1116-S5, two human colon cancer cell clones with different metastatic potential, were subcloned from SW1116. In SW1116-M, in vitro invasion, migration and in vivo metastatic potential were higher, and in vitro proliferation rate was lower than SW1116-S5. In tumor metastasis PCR microarray, 24 genes related to cell invading, adhesion, cellular growth and differentiation were found with a twofold difference between SW1116-S5 and SW1116-M. Sixteen of these, including E-cadherins, MTSS1, TRAIL and TRPM1, were up-regulated; eight genes including cathepsin L, EphB2, HGF, MET, MCAM and RORβ were down-regulated.

Conclusions

We have established a highly liver metastatic clone. The subsequent metastasis PCR microarray analysis identified a procedure of cellular differentiation and mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) in liver metastasis. The colonization to from macrometastasis is not a switch from cell cycle arrest but a result of cell differentiation and MET.

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Acknowledgments

This study is sponsored by the Science, Education and Health Foundation of Soochow City (SWKQ0916).

Conflict of interest

We declare that we have no financial and personal relationships with other people or organizations that can inappropriately influence our work, and there is no professional or other personal interest of any nature or kind in any product, service and/or company that could be construed as influencing the position presented in, or the review of, the manuscript entitled.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. General Surgery Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Rd, Suzhou, 215004, China

    Qiang Chen, Xiao-dong Yang, Khan Imran & Chun-gen Xing

  2. Oncology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Rd, Suzhou, 215004, China

    Lei Chen

  3. General Surgery Department, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Ruijin No 2 Rd, Shanghai, 200025, China

    Ren Zhao

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  1. Qiang Chen
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  2. Lei Chen
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  3. Ren Zhao
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  4. Xiao-dong Yang
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  5. Khan Imran
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  6. Chun-gen Xing
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ren Zhao or Chun-gen Xing.

Additional information

L. Chen and Q. Chen contributed equally to this work.

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Chen, Q., Chen, L., Zhao, R. et al. Microarray analyses reveal liver metastasis-related genes in metastatic colorectal cancer cell model. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 139, 1169–1178 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-013-1424-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-013-1424-2

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