Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are carotenoid-derived molecules, which regulate various developmental and adaptation processes in plants. These are engaged in different aspects of growth such as development of root, leaf senescence, shoot branching, etc. Plants grown under nutrient-deficient conditions enhance SL production that facilitates root architecture and symbiosis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, as a result increases nutrient uptake. The crosstalk of SLs with other phytohormones such as auxin, abscisic acid, cytokinin and gibberellins, in response to abiotic stresses indicates that SLs actively contribute to the regulatory systems of plant stress adaptation. In response to different environmental circumstances such as salinity, drought, heat, cold, heavy metals and nutrient deprivation, these SLs get accumulated in plant tissues. Strigolactones regulate multiple hormonal responsive pathways, which aids plants to surmount stressful environmental constraints as well as reduce negative impact on overall productivity of crops. The external application of SL analog GR24 for its higher bioaccumulation can be one of the possible approaches for establishing various abiotic stress tolerances in plants.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Availability of data and materials
Not applicable.
Code availability
Not applicable.
References
Abouqamar S, Moustafa K, Tran LS (2017) Mechanisms and strategies of plant defense against Botrytis cinerea. Crit Rev Biotechnol 37:262–274. https://doi.org/10.1080/07388551.2016.1271767
Akiyama K, Matsuzaki K, Hayashi H (2005) Plant sesquiterpenes induce hyphal branching in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Nature 435:824–827. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03608
Al-Babili S, Bouwmeester HJ (2015) Strigolactones, a novel carotenoid-derived plant hormone. Annu Rev Plant Biol 66:161–186. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-arplant-043014-114759
Alder A, Jamil M, Marzorati M, Bruno M, Vermathen M, Bigler P, Ghisla S, Bouwmeester H, Beyer P, Al-Babili S (2012) The path from b-carotene to carlactone, a strigolactone-like plant hormone. Science 335:1348–1351. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1218094
Arite T, Iwata H, Ohshima K, Maekawa M, Nakajima M, Kojima M, Sakakibara H, Kyozuka J (2007) DWARF10, an RMS1/MAX4/DAD1 ortholog, controls lateral bud outgrowth in rice. Plant J 51:1019–1029. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2007.03210.x
Aroca R, Ruiz-Lozano JM, Zamarreno AM, Paz JA, Garcia-Mina JM, Pozo MJ, Lopez-Raez JA (2013) Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis influences strigolactone production under salinity and alleviates salt stress in lettuce plants. J Plant Physiol 170:47–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2012.08.020
Bainbridge K, Sorefan K, Ward S, Leyser O (2005) Hormonally controlled expression of the Arabidopsis MAX4 shoot branching regulatory gene. Plant J 44:569–580. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2005.02548.x
Banasiak J, Borghi L, Stec N, Martinoia E, Jasinski M (2020) The full-size ABCG transporter of Medicago truncatula is involved in strigolactone secretion, affecting arbuscular mycorrhiza. Front Plant Sci 11:18. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00018
Banerjee A, Roychoudhury A (2018) Strigolactones: multi-level regulation of biosynthesis and diverse responses in plant abiotic stresses. Acta Physiol Plant 40:86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-018-2660-5
Banerjee A, Wani SH, Roychoudhury A (2017) Epigenetic control of plant cold responses. Front Plant Sci 8:1643. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01643
Benkova E, Michniewicz M, Sauer M, Teichmann T, Seifertova D, Jurgens G, Friml J (2003) Local, efflux-dependent auxin gradients as a common module for plant organ formation. Cell 115:591–602. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-8674(03)00924-3
Bennett T, Sieberer T, Willett B, Booker J, Luschnig C, Leyser O (2006) The Arabidopsis thaliana MAX pathway controls shoot branching by regulating auxin transport. Curr Biol 16:553–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2006.01.058
Bidabadi SS, Sharifi P (2021) Strigolactone and methyl jasmonate-induced antioxidant defense and the composition alterations of different active compounds in Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss under drought stress. J Plant Growth Regul 40:878–889. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10157-6
Braun N, deSaint GA, Pillot JP, Boutet-Mercey S, Dalmais M, Antoniadi I, Li X, Maia-Grondard A, Signor CL, Bouteiller N, Luo D, Bendahmane A, Turnbull C, Rameau C (2012) The Pisum sativum TCP transcription factor PsBRC1 acts downstream of strigolactones to control shoot branching. Plant Physiol 158:225–238. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.182725
Brewer PB, Koltai H, Beveridge CA (2013) Diverse roles of strigolactones in plant development. Mol Plant 6:18–28. https://doi.org/10.1093/mp/sss130
Choudhary SP, Yu JQ, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K, Tran LS (2012) Benefits of brassinosteroid crosstalk. Trends Plant Sci 17:594–605. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2012.05.012
Cook CE, Whichard LP, Turner B, Wall ME, Egley GH (1966) Germination of witchweed (Striga lutea Lour.): isolation and properties of a potent stimulant. Science 154:1189–1190. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.154.3753.1189
Cooper JW, Hu Y, Beyyoudh L, Yildiz Dasgan H, Kunert K, Beveridge CA, Foyer CH (2018) Strigolactones positively regulate chilling tolerance in Pisum sativum and in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Cell Environ 41:1298–1310. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13147
DalCorso G, Manara A, Furini A (2013) An overview of heavy metal challenge in plants: from roots to shoots. Metallomics 5:1117–1132. https://doi.org/10.1039/C3MT00038A
de Saint Germain A, Ligerot Y, Dun EA, Pillot JP, Ross JJ, Beveridge CA, Rameau C (2013) Strigolactones stimulate internode elongation independently of gibberellins. Plant Physiol 163:1012–1025. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.113.220541
Dun EA, de Saint Germain A, Rameau C, Beveridge CA (2012) Antagonistic action of strigolactone and cytokinin in bud out growth control. Plant Physiol 158:487–498. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.186783
Foo E, Yoneyama K, Hugill CJ, Quittenden LJ, Reid JB (2013) Strigolactones and the regulation of pea symbioses in response to nitrate and phosphate deficiency. Mol Plant 6:76–87. https://doi.org/10.1093/mp/sss115
Fujita Y, Fujita M, Shinozaki K, Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K (2011) ABA mediated transcriptional regulation in response to osmotic stress in plants. J Plant Res 124:509–525. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-011-0412-3
Gonai T, Kawahara S, Tougou M, Satoh S, Hashiba T, Hirai N, Kawaide H, Kamiya Y, Yoshioka T (2004) Abscisic acid in the thermoinhibition of lettuce seed germination and enhancement of its catabolism by gibberellin. J Exp Bot 55:111–118. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erh023
Ha CV, Leyva-Gonzalez MA, Osakabe Y, Tran UT, Nishiyama R, Watanabe Y, Tanaka M, Seki M, Yamaguchi S, Dong NV, Shinozaki KY, Shinozaki K, Estrella LH, Tran LSP (2014) Positive regulatory role of strigolactone in plant responses to drought and salt stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 111:851–856. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1322135111
Haider I, Jimenez BA, Bruno M, Bimbo A, Flokova K, Abuauf H, Ntui VO, Guo X, Charnikhova T, Al-Babili S, Bouwmeester HJ, Ruyter-Spira C (2018) The interaction of strigolactones with abscisic acid during the drought response in Oryza sativa. J Exp Bot 69:2403–2414. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery089
Hamiaux C, Drummond RS, Janssen BJ, Ledger SE, Cooney JM, Newcomb RD, Snowden KC (2012) DAD2 is an α/β hydrolase likely to be involved in the perception of the plant branching hormone, strigolactone. Curr Biol 22:2032–2036. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.08.007
Hayward A, Stirnberg P, Beveridge C, Leyser O (2009) Interactions between auxin and strigolactone in shoot branching control. Plant Physiol 151:400–412. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.109.137646
Hu Z, Yan H, Yang J, Yamaguchi S, Maekawa M, Takamure I, Tsutsumi N, Kyozuka J, Nakazono M (2010) Strigolactones negatively regulate mesocotyl elongation in Oryza sativa during germination and growth in darkness. Plant Cell Physiol 51:1136–1142. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcq075
Hu Z, Yamauchi T, Yang J, Jikumaru Y, Mayama TT, Ichikawa H, Takamure I, Nagamura Y, Tsutsumi N, Yamaguchi S, Kyozuka J, Nakazono M (2014) Strigolactone and cytokinin act antagonistically in regulating rice mesocotyl elongation in darkness. Plant Cell Physiol 55:30–41. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pct150
Hu Q, Zhang S, Huang B (2018) Strigolactones and interaction with auxin regulating root elongation in tall fescue under different temperature regimes. Plant Sci 271:34–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2018.03.008
Ito S, Ito K, Abeta N, Takahashi R, Sasaki Y, Yajima S (2016) Effects of strigolactone signaling on Arabidopsis thaliana growth under nitrogen deficient stress condition. Plant Signal Behav 11:e1126031. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2015.1126031
Ito S, Yamagami D, Umehara M, Hanada A, Yoshida S, Sasaki Y, Yajima S, Kyozuka J, Tanaka MU, Matsuoka M, Shirasu K, Yamaguchi S, Asami T (2017) Regulation of strigolactone biosynthesis by gibberellin signaling. Plant Physiol 174:1250–1259. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.17.00301
Jamil M, Charnikhova T, Cardoso C, Jamil T, Ueno K, Verstappen F, Asami T, Bouwmeester HJ (2011) Quantification of the relationship between strigolactones and Striga hermonthica infection in Oryza sativa under varying levels of nitrogen and phosphorus. Weed Res 51:373–385. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.2011.00847.x
Kameoka H, Kyozuka J (2015) Down regulation of Oryza sativa DWARF 14 LIKE suppress mesocotyl elongation via a strigolactone independent pathway in the dark. J Genet Genomics 42:119e124
Kapulnik Y, Delaux PM, Resnick N, Mayzlish-Gati E, Wininger S, Bhattacharya C, Delmas NS, Combier JP, Becard G, Belausov E, Beeckman T, Dor E, Hershenhorn J, Koltai H (2011) Strigolactones affect lateral root formation and root-hair elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Planta 233:209–216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-010-1310-y
Kausar F, Shahbaz M (2017) Influence of strigolactone (GR24) as a seed treatment on growth, gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of wheat under saline conditions. Int J Agric Biol 19:321–327
Kretzschmar T, Kohlen W, Sasse J, Borghi L, Schlegel M, Bachelier JB, Reinhardt D, Bours R, Bouwmeester HJ, Martinoia E (2012) A Petunia hybrida ABC protein controls strigolactone-dependent symbiotic signaling and branching. Nature 483:341–344. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10873
Lechat MM, Brun G, Montiel G, Veronesi C, Simier P, Thoiron S, Pouvreau JB, Delavault P (2015) Seed response to strigolactone is controlled by abscisic acid-independent DNA methylation in obligate root parasitic plant, Phelipanche ramosa L Pomel. J Exp Bot 66:3129–3140. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erv119
Li N, Wang J, Song WY (2016) Arsenic uptake and translocation in plants. Plant Cell Physiol 57:4–13. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcv143
Li W, Nguyen KH, Tran CD, Watanabe Y, Tian C, Yin X, Li K, Yang Y, Guo J, Miao Y, Yamaguchi S, Tran LSP (2020) Negative roles of strigolactone-related SMXL6, 7 and 8 proteins in drought resistance in Arabidopsis. Biomolecules 10:607. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10040607
Lin J, Wang Y, Sun S, Mu C, Yan X (2017) Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth, photosynthesis and photosynthetic pigments of Leymus chinensis seedlings under salt-alkali stress and nitrogen deposition. Sci Total Environ 576:234–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.091
Ling F, Su Q, Jiang H, Cui J, He X, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Liu J, Zhao Y (2020) Effects of strigolactone on photosynthetic and physiological characteristics in salt-stressed rice seedlings. Sci Rep 10:6183. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-63352-6
Liu W, Kohlen W, Lillo A, den Camp RO, Ivanov S, Hartog M, Limpens E, Jamil M, Smaczniak C, Kaufmann K, Yang WC, Hooiveld GJEJ, Charnikhova T, Bouwmeester HJ, Bisseling T, Geurts R (2011) Strigolactone biosynthesis in Medicago truncatula and rice requires the symbiotic GRAS-type transcription factors NSP1 and NSP2. Plant Cell 23:3853–3865. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.111.089771
Liu Z, Li Y, Wang J, He X, Tian C (2015b) Different respiration metabolism between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal rice under low-temperature stress: a cry for help from the host. J Agric Sci 153:602–614. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859614000434
Liu J, He H, Vitali M, Visentin I, Charnikhova T, Haider I, Schubert A, Ruyter-Spira C, Bouwmeester HJ, Lovisolo C, Cardinale F (2015a) Osmotic stress represses strigolactone biosynthesis in Lotus japonicus roots: exploring the interaction between strigolactones and ABA under abiotic stress. Planta 241:1435–1451. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2266-8
Lopez-Raez JA (2016) How drought and salinity affect arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and strigolactone biosynthesis? Planta 243:1375–1385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2435-9
Lopez-Raez JA, Kohlen W, Charnikhova T, Mulder P, Undas AK, Sergeant MJ, Verstappen F, Bugg TDH, Thompson AJ, Ruyter-Spira C, Bouwmeester H (2010) Does abscisic acid affect strigolactone biosynthesis? New Phytol 187:343–354. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2010.03291.x
Lu T, Yu H, Li Q, Chai L, Jiang W (2019) Improving plant growth and alleviating photosynthetic inhibition and oxidative stress from low-light stress with exogenous GR24 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) seedlings. Front Plant Sci 10:490. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00490
Lv S, Zhang Y, Li C, Liu Z, Yang N, Pan L, Wu J, Wang J, Yang J, Lv Y, Zhang Y, Jiang W, She X, Wang G (2017) Strigolactone-triggered stomatal closure requires hydrogen peroxide synthesis and nitric oxide production in an abscisic acid-independent manner. New Phytol 217:290–304. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14813
Ma N, Hu C, Wan L, Hu Q, Xiong J, Zhang C (2017) Strigolactones improve plant growth, photosynthesis, and alleviate oxidative stress under salinity in rapeseed (Brassica napus) by regulating gene expression. Front Plant Sci 8:1671. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2017.01671
Manandhar S, Funnell KA, Woolley DJ, Cooney JM (2018) Interaction between strigolactone and cytokinin on axillary and adventitious bud development in Zantedeschia. J Plant Physiol Pathol 6:1. https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-955X.1000172
Marzec M (2017) Strigolactones and gibberellins: a new couple in the phytohormone world? Trends Plant Sci 22:813–815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2017.08.001
Marzec M, Daszkowska-Golec A, Collin A, Melzer M, Eggert K, Szarejko I (2020) Barley strigolactone signaling mutant hvd14.d reveals the role of strigolactones in ABA-dependent response to drought. Plant Cell Environ 43:2239–2253. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13815
Mayzlish-Gati E, LekKala SP, Resnick N, Wininger S, Bhattacharya C, Lemcoff JH, Kapulnik Y, Koltai H (2010) Strigolactones are positive regulators of light-harvesting genes in tomato. J Exp Bot 61:3129–3136. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erq138
Mayzlish-Gati E, De-Cuype C, Goormachtig S, Beeckman T, Vuylsteke M, Brewer PB, Beveridge CA, Yermiyahu U, Kaplan Y, Enzer Y, Wininger S, Resnick N, Cohen M, Kapulnik Y, Koltai H (2012) Strigolactones are involved in root response to low phosphate conditions in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 160:1329–1341. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.112.202358
Min Z, Li R, Chen L, Zhang Y, Li Z, Liu M, Ju Y, Fang Y (2018) Alleviation of drought stress in grapevine by foliar-applied strigolactones. Plant Physiol Biochem 135:99–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.11.037
Mishra S, Upadhyay S, Shukla RK (2017) The role of strigolactones and their potential cross-talk under hostile ecological conditions in plants. Front Physiol 7:691. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00691
Mostofa MG, Rahman MM, Nguyen KH, Li W, Watanabe Y, Tran CD, Zhang M, Itouga M, Fujita M, Tran LP (2021) Strigolactones regulate arsenate uptake, vacuolar sequestration and antioxidant defense responses to resist arsenic toxicity in rice roots. J Hazard Mater. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125589
Nakamura H, Xue YL, Miyakawa T, Hou F, Qin HM, Fukui K, Shi X, Ito E, Ito S, Park SH, Miyauchi Y, Asano A, Totsuka N, Ueda T, Tanokura M, Asami T (2013) Molecular mechanism of strigolactone perception by DWARF14. Nat Commun 4:2613. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3613
Omoarelojie LO, Kulkarni MG, Finnie JF, Pospisil T, Strnad M, Staden JV (2020) Synthetic strigolactone (rac-GR24) alleviates the adverse effects of heat stress on seed germination and photosystem II function in lupine seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem 155:965–979. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.043
Omoarelojie LO, Kulkarni MG, Finnie JF, Staden JV (2021) Strigolactone analog (rac-GR24) enhances chilling tolerance in mung bean seedlings. S Afr J Bot 140:173–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2021.03.044
Pan X, Zheng H, Zhao J, Xu Y, Li X (2016) ZmCCD7/ZpCCD7 encodes a carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase mediating shoot branching. Planta 243:1407–1418. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425016-2479-5
Rasmussen A, Mason MG, De Cuyper C, Brewer PB, Herold S, Agusti J, Geelen D, Greb T, Goormachtig S, Beeckman T, Beveridge CA (2013) Strigolactones suppress adventitious rooting in Arabidopsis and pea. Plant Physiol 158:1976–1987. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.111.187104
Ren CG, Kong CC, Xie ZH (2018) Role of abscisic acid in strigolactone induced salt stress tolerance in arbuscular mycorrhizal Sesbania cannabina seedlings. BMC Plant Biol 18:74. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1292-7
Ruiz-Lozano JM, Porcel R, Azcon C, Aroca R (2012) Regulation of arbuscular mycorrhizae of the integrated physiological response to salinity in plants: new challenges in physiological and molecular studies. J Exp Bot 11:4033–4044. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers126
Ruiz-Lozano JM, Aroca R, Zamarreno AM, Molina S, Andreo-Jimenez B, Porcel R, Garcia-Mina JM, Ruyter-Spira C, Lopez Raez JA (2016) Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis induces strigolactone biosynthesis under drought and improves drought tolerance in lettuce and tomato. Plant Cell Environ 39:441–452. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.12631
Ruyter-Spira C, Kohlen W, Charnikhova T, van Zeijl A, van Bezouwen L, de Ruijter N, Cardoso C, Lopez-Raez JA, Matusova R, Bours R, Verstappen F, Bouwmeester H (2011) Physiological effects of the synthetic strigolactone analog GR24 on root system architecture in Arabidopsis: another belowground role for strigolactones? Plant Physiol 155:721–734. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.110.166645
Santoro V, Schiavon M, Gresta F, Ertani A, Cardinale F, Sturrock CJ, Celi L, Schubert A (2020) Strigolactones control root system architecture and tip anatomy in Solanum lycopersicum L. plants under P starvation. Plants 9:612. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9050612
Sarwar Y, Shahbaz M (2020) Modulation in growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange attributes and inorganic ions in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by strigolactones (GR24) achene priming under saline conditions. Pak J Bot 52:23–31. https://doi.org/10.30848/PJB2020-1(4)
Schwartz SH, Qin X, Loewen MC (2004) The biochemical characterization of two carotenoid cleavage enzymes from Arabidopsis indicates that a carotenoid-derived compound inhibits lateral branching. J Biol Chem 279:46940–46945. https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M409004200
Sedaghat M, Sarvestani ZT, Emam Y, Bidgoli AM (2017) Physiological and antioxidant responses of winter wheat cultivars to strigolactone and salicylic acid in drought. Plant Physiol Biochem 119:59–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.08.015
Sedaghat M, Sarvestania ZT, Emamb Y, Bidgolia AM, Sorooshzadeh A (2020) Foliar-applied GR24 and salicylic acid enhanced wheat drought tolerance. Russ J Plant Physl 67:733–739. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443720040159
Sharifi P, Bidabadi SS (2020) Strigolactone could enhances gas-exchange through augmented antioxidant defense system in Salvia nemorosa L. plants subjected to saline conditions stress. Ind Crop Prod 151:112460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112460
Shen H, Luong P, Huq E (2007) The F-Box protein MAX2 functions as a positive regulator of photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 145:1471–1483. https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.107.107227
Smith S, Read DJ (2010) Mycorrhizal symbiosis, 3rd edn. Academic Press, New York
Sun H, Tao J, Liu S, Huang S, Chen S, Xie X, Yoneyama K, Zhang Y, Xu G (2014) Strigolactones are involved in phosphate and nitrate-deficiency induced root development and auxin transport in rice. J Exp Bot 65:6735–6746. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eru029
Sytar O, Kumari P, Yadav S, Brestic M, Rastogi A (2018) Phytohormone priming: regulator for heavy metal stress in plants. J Plant Growth Regul 38:739–752. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-018-9886-8
Tai Z, Yin X, Fang Z, Shi G, Lou L, Cai Q (2017) Exogenous GR24 alleviates cadmium toxicity by reducing cadmium uptake in switch grass (Panicum virgatum) seedlings. Int J Environ Res Public Health 14:852. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14080852
Thakur P, Sanjeev K, Malik JA, Berger JD, Nayyar H (2010) Chilling stress effects on reproductive development in grain crops: an overview. Environ Exp Bot 67:429–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2009.09.004
Toh S, Kamiya Y, Kawakami N, Nambara E, McCourt P, Tsuchiya Y (2012) Thermoinhibition uncovers a role for strigolactones in Arabidopsis seed germination. Plant Cell Physiol 53:107–117. https://doi.org/10.1093/pcp/pcr176
Tsuchiya Y, Vidaurre D, Toh S, Hanada A, Nambara E, Kamiya Y, Yamaguchi S, McCourt P (2010) A small-molecule screen identifies new functions for the plant hormone strigolactone. Nat Chem Biol 6:741–749. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.435
Umehara M, Hanada A, Yoshida S, Akiyama K, Arite T, Takeda-Kamiya N, Magome H, Kamiya Y, Shirasu K, Yoneyama K, Kyozuka J, Yamaguchi S (2008) Inhibition of shoot branching by new terpenoid plant hormones. Nature 455:195–200. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature07272
Vahisalu T, Kollist H, Wang YF, Nishimura N, Chan WY, Valerio G, Lamminmaki A, Brosche M, Moldau H, Desikan R, Schroeder JI, Kangasjarvi J (2008) SLAC1 is required for plant guard cell S-type anion channel function in stomatal signaling. Nature 452:487–491. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06608
Visentin I, Pagliarani C, Deva E, Caracci A, Tureckova V, Novak O, Lovisolo C, Schubert A, Cardinale V (2020) A novel strigolactone-miR156 module controls stomatal behavior during drought recovery. Plant Cell Environ 43:1613–1624. https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13758
Vogel JT, Walter MH, Giavalisco P et al (2010) SlCCD7 controls strigolactone biosynthesis, shoot branching and mycorrhiza-induced apocarotenoid formation in tomato. Plant J 61:300–311. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.04056.x
Walter MH, Strack D (2011) Carotenoids and their cleavage products: biosynthesis and functions. Nat Prod Rep 28:663–692. https://doi.org/10.1039/c0np00036a
Wang L, Wang B, Jiang L, Liu X, Li X, Lu Z, Meng X, Wang Y, Smith SM, Li J (2015) Strigolactone signaling in Arabidopsis regulates shoot development by targeting D53-Like SMXL repressor proteins for ubiquitination and degradation. Plant Cell 27:3128–3142. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.15.00605
Xie Y, Liu Y, Ma M, Zhou Q, Zhao Y, Zhao B, Wang B, Wei H, Wang H (2020) Arabidopsis FHY3 and FAR1 integrate light and strigolactone signaling to regulate branching. Nat Commun 11:1955. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15893-7
Xu J, Zha M, Li Y, Ding Y, Chen L, Ding C, Wang S (2015) The interaction between nitrogen availability and auxin, cytokinin, and strigolactone in the control of shoot branching in Oryza sativa L. Plant Cell Rep 34:1647–1662. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-015-1815-8
Yamada Y, Umehara M (2015) Possible roles of strigolactones during leaf senescence. Plants 4:664–677
Yamada Y, Furusawa S, Nagasaka S, Shimomura K, Yamaguchi S, Umehara M (2014) Strigolactone signaling regulates rice leaf senescence in response to a phosphate deficiency. Planta 240:399–408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2096-0
Yang YY, Ren YR, Zheng PF, Zhao LL, You CX, Wang XF, Hao YJ (2020) Cloning and functional identification of a strigolactone receptor gene MdD14 in apple. Plant Cell Tiss Org 140:197–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-019-01722-3
Yao RF, Ming ZH, Yan LM, Li SH, Wang F, Ma S, Yu C, Yang M, Chen L, Chen L, Li Y, Yan C, Miao D, Sun Z, Yan J, Sun Y, Wang L, Chu J, Fan S, He W, Deng H, Nan F, Li J, Rao Z, Lou Z, Xie D (2016) DWARF14 is a non canonical hormone receptor for strigolactone. Nature 536:469–473. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19073
Yoneyama K, Yoneyama K, Takeuchi Y, Sekimoto H (2007b) Phosphorus deficiency in red clover promotes exudation of orobanchol, the signal for mycorrhizal symbionts and germination stimulant for root parasites. Planta 225:1031–1038. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-006-0410-1
Yoneyama K, Xie X, Kusumoto D, Sekimoto H, Sugimoto Y, Takeuchi Y, Yoneyama K (2007a) Nitrogen deficiency as well as phosphorus deficiency in sorghum promotes the production and exudation of 5-deoxystrigol, the host recognition signal for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and root parasites. Planta 227:125–132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-007-0600-5
Yoneyama K, Kisugi T, Xie X, Arakawa R, Ezawa T, Nomura T, Yoneyama K (2015) Shoot derived signals other than auxin are involved in systemic regulation of strigolactone production in roots. Planta 241:687–698. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2208-x
Zhang Y, Lv S, Wang G (2018) Strigolactones are common regulators in induction of stomatal closure in planta. Plant Signal Behav 13:e144432. https://doi.org/10.1080/15592324.2018.1444322
Zhang J, Mazur E, Balla J, Gallei M, Kalousek P, Medvedova Z, Li Y, Wang Y, Prat T, Vasileva M, Reinohl V, Prochazka S, Halouzka R, Tarkowski P, Luschnig C, Brewer PB, Friml J (2020b) Strigolactones inhibit auxin feedback on PIN-dependent auxin transport canalization. Nat Commun 11:3508. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17252-y
Zhang X, Zhang L, Sun Y, Zheng S, Wang J, Zhang T (2020a) Hydrogen peroxide is involved in strigolactone induced low temperature stress tolerance in rape seedlings (Brassica rapa L.). Plant Physiol Biochem 157:402–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.11.006
Zheng X, Li Y, Xi X, Ma C, Sun Z, Yang X, Li X, Tian Y, Wang C (2021) Exogenous Strigolactones alleviate KCl stress by regulating photosynthesis, ROS migration and ion transport in Malus hupehensis Rehd. Plant Physiol Biochem 159:113–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.015
Zhou F, Lin Q, Zhu L, Ren Y, Zhou K, Shabek N, Wu F, Mao H, Dong W, Gan L, Ma W, Gao H, Chen J, Yang C, Wang D, Tan J, Zhang X, Guo X, Wang J, Jiang L, Liu X, Chen W, Chu J, Yan C, Ueno K, Ito S, Asami T, Cheng Z, Wang J, Lei C, Zhai H, Wu C, Wang H, Zheng N, Wan J (2013) D14-SCF (D3)-dependent degradation of D53 regulates strigolactone signaling. Nature 504:406–410. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12878
Zulfiqar H, Shahbaz M, Ahsan M, Nafees M, Nadeem H, Akram M, Maqsood A, Ahmar S, Kamran M, Alamri S, Siddiqui MH, Saud S, Fahad S (2020) Strigolactone (GR24) induced salinity tolerance in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by ameliorating morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes under in vitro conditions. J Plant Growth Regul. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-020-10256-4
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank University Grants Commission, New Delhi, and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, for awarding fellowship to Anita Bhoi under Research Fellowship [F.No. 16-6(DEC. 2018)/2019(NET/CSIR), dated July 24, 2019]. The authors would also like to thank Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, and University Grants Commission, New Delhi, for awarding fellowship to Jipsi Chandra under Research Fellowship (No. 79/8/Fin.Sch/2014, dated 16.04.14) and National Fellowship for students of Other Backward Classes (F./2016-17/NFO-2015-17-OBC-CHH-27902) respectively.
Funding
The authors would like to thank University Grants Commission, New Delhi, and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, for awarding fellowship to Anita Bhoi under Research Fellowship [F.No. 16–6(DEC. 2018)/2019(NET/CSIR), dated July 24, 2019]. The authors would also like to thank Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, and University Grants Commission, New Delhi, for awarding fellowship to Jipsi Chandra under Research Fellowship (No. 79/8/Fin.Sch/2014, dated 16.04.14) and National Fellowship for students of Other Backward Classes (F./2016–17/NFO-2015–17-OBC-CHH-27902) respectively.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate
Not applicable.
Consent for publication
Not applicable.
Competing interests
The authors that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Communicated by Gerhard Leubner.
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bhoi, A., Yadu, B., Chandra, J. et al. Contribution of strigolactone in plant physiology, hormonal interaction and abiotic stresses. Planta 254, 28 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-021-03678-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-021-03678-1