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Distribution of cell wall hemicelluloses in the wheat grain endosperm: a 3D perspective

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Abstract

Main conclusion

Uneven distribution of AX and BG in lateral and longitudinal dimensions of a wheat grain was observed by three-dimensional MS imaging, presumably related to specific physicochemical properties of cell walls.

Arabinoxylans (AX) and β-glucans (BG) are the main hemicelluloses that comprise the primary walls of starchy endosperm. These components are not evenly distributed in the endosperm, and the impact of their distribution on cell wall properties is not yet fully understood. Combined with on-tissue enzymatic degradation of the cell walls, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) was used to monitor the molecular structure of AX and BG in thirty consecutive cross-sections of a mature wheat grain. A 3D image was built from the planar images, showing the distribution of these polymers at the full-grain level, both in lateral and longitudinal dimensions. BGs were more abundant at the vicinity of the germ and in the central cells of the endosperm, while AX, and especially highly substituted AX, were more abundant close to the brush and in the cells surrounding the crease (i.e., the transfer cells). Compared with the previously reported protocol, significant improvements were made in the tissue preparation to better preserve the shape of the fragile sections. This allowed to us achieve a good-quality 3D reconstruction from the consecutive 2D images. By providing a continuous view of the molecular distribution of the cell wall components across and along the grain, the three-dimensional images obtained by MSI may help understand the structure–function relationships of cell walls. The method should be readily extendable to other parietal polymers by selecting the appropriate enzymes.

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Abbreviations

AX:

Arabinoxylans

AXOS:

Arabino-xylo-oligosaccharides

BG:

β-Glucans

BGOS:

β-Gluco-oligosaccharides

MSI:

Mass spectrometry imaging

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Camille Alvarado (INRA UR1268 BIA, Nantes, France) for the acquisition of the fluorescence microscopy images proposed as Supporting information. The authors also thank Arndt Asperger and Sabine Jourdain from Bruker (Bremen, Germany) for their valued assistance regarding the use of the SCiLS Lab software.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INRA, UR1268 Biopolymers Interactions Assemblies, 44316, Nantes, France

    Mathieu Fanuel, David Ropartz, Fabienne Guillon, Luc Saulnier & Hélène Rogniaux

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  1. Mathieu Fanuel
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  2. David Ropartz
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  3. Fabienne Guillon
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  4. Luc Saulnier
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  5. Hélène Rogniaux
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Correspondence to Hélène Rogniaux.

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Fanuel, M., Ropartz, D., Guillon, F. et al. Distribution of cell wall hemicelluloses in the wheat grain endosperm: a 3D perspective. Planta 248, 1505–1513 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-018-2980-0

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