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Different exogenous sugars affect the hormone signal pathway and sugar metabolism in “Red Globe” (Vitis vinifera L.) plantlets grown in vitro as shown by transcriptomic analysis

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Abstract

Main conclusion

Exogenously applied 2% fructose is the most appropriate carbon source that enhances photosynthesis and growth of grape plantlets compared with the same concentrations of sucrose and glucose. The role of the sugars was regulated by the expression of key candidate genes related to hormones, key metabolic enzymes, and sugar metabolism of grape plantlets ( Vitis vinifera L.) grown in vitro.

The addition of sugars including sucrose, glucose, and fructose is known to be very helpful for the development of grape (V. vinifera L.) plantlets in vitro. However, the mechanisms by which these sugars regulate plant development and sugar metabolism are poorly understood. In grape plantlets, sugar metabolism and hormone synthesis undergo special regulation. In the present study, transcriptomic analyses were performed on grape (V. vinifera L., cv. Red Globe) plantlets in an in vitro system, in which the plantlets were grown in 2% each of sucrose (S20), glucose (G20), and fructose (F20). The sugar metabolism and hormone synthesis of the plantlets were analyzed. In addition, 95.72–97.29% high-quality 125 bp reads were further analyzed out of which 52.65–60.80% were mapped to exonic regions, 13.13–28.38% to intronic regions, and 11.59–28.99% to intergenic regions. The F20, G20, and S20 displayed elevated sucrose synthase (SS) activities; relative chlorophyll contents; Rubisco activity; and IAA and zeatin (ZT) contents. We found F20 improved the growth and development of the plantlets better than G20 and S20. Sugar metabolism was a complex process, which depended on the balanced expression of key potential candidate genes related to hormones (TCP15, LOG3, IPT3, ETR1, HK2, HK3, CKX7, SPY, GH3s, MYBH, AGB1, MKK2, PP2C, PYL, ABF, SnRK, etc.), key metabolic enzymes (SUS, SPS, A/V-INV, and G6PDH), and sugar metabolism (BETAFRUCT4 and AMY). Moreover, sugar and starch metabolism controls the generation of plant hormone transduction pathway signaling molecules. Our dataset advances our knowledge of the genes involved in sugar metabolism and improves the understanding of complex regulatory networks involved in signal transduction in grape plantlets.

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Abbreviations

DEGs:

Differentially expressed genes

G6PDH:

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

GO:

Gene ontology

INV:

Invertase

JA:

Jasmonic acid

NI:

Neutral invertase

SPS:

Sucrose phosphate synthase

SS:

Sucrose synthase

ZT:

Zeatin

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Acknowledgements

This research was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31460499 and 31460500).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People’s Republic of China

    Juan Mao, Wenfang Li, Baoqin Mi, Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda, Zonghuan Ma & Baihong Chen

  2. College of Horticulture, FoA, University for Development Studies, P. O. Box TL 1882, Tamale, Ghana

    Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda

  3. Department of Biology, California State University, Fresno, CA, 93740, USA

    Alejandro Calderón-Urrea

  4. Instrumental Researches and Analysis Center, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, People’s Republic of China

    Yongmei Zhang

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  1. Juan Mao
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Mao, J., Li, W., Mi, B. et al. Different exogenous sugars affect the hormone signal pathway and sugar metabolism in “Red Globe” (Vitis vinifera L.) plantlets grown in vitro as shown by transcriptomic analysis. Planta 246, 537–552 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-017-2712-x

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