Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ring-core method in determining the amount of non-uniform residual stress in laminated composites: experimental, finite element and theoretical evaluation

  • Original
  • Published:
Archive of Applied Mechanics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Residual stresses in composite constructions are created because of non-uniform contraction of layers during cooling from curing to ambient temperature. The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility of incremental ring-core method to estimate non-uniform residual stresses in various laminates of polymer matrix composites. To carry out this test, glass/epoxy specimens were selected in two different types of symmetric cross-ply laminate \(\left( \left[ 0^{\circ }_{4}/90^{\circ }_{4}\right] _{S}\right) \) and symmetric quasi-isotropic laminate \(\left( \left[ 0^{\circ }_{2}/\pm 45^{\circ }/90^{\circ }_{2}\right] _{S}\right) \). The samples were created using hand layup and vacuum bagging. By experimental tests, released strains measured during milling process and coefficient factors for every annular groove machining operations were obtained by finite element modeling. As well, residual stresses were calculated by classical lamination plate theory. For symmetric cross-ply, the maximum difference between experimental and theoretical results was about 16%, which was observed in the first and eighth layers. Symmetric quasi-isotropic specimen showed also good agreement between the results and the maximum measurement error of 8% was observed. For the mentioned two cases, summation of components of the residual stress in all directions is near to zero. The results of this study show that in the ring-core method, because of the nature and higher volume of material removal than other methods, values of residual stress released are higher and the results have a good consistency compared with the theoretical values.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Valentini, E., Benincasa, A., Bertelli, L.: An automatic system for measuring residual stresses by the ring-core method. Aias Ital. Stress Anal. Assoc. 229, 145 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Mathar, J.: Determination of initial stresses by measuring the deformation around drilled holes. Trans. ASME 56(4), 249–254 (1934)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  3. Soete, W., Vancrombrugge, R.: An industrial method for the determination of residual stresses. In: Proceedings of SESA, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 17–28 (1950)

  4. Bert, C.W., Thompson, G.L.: A method for measuring planar residual stresses in rectangularly orthotropic materials. J. Compos. Mater. 2(2), 244–253 (1968)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Lake, B.R., Appl, F.J., Bert, C.W.: An investigation of the hole-drilling technique for measuring planar residual stress in rectangularly orthotropic materials. Exp. Mech. 10(6), 233–239 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Sicot, O., Gong, X.L., Cherouat, A., Lu, J.: Determination of residual stress in composite laminates using the incremental hole-drilling method. J. Compos. Mater. 37(9), 831–844 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Schajer, G.S., Yang, L.: Residual-stress measurement in orthotropic materials using the hole-drilling method. Exp. Mech. 34(4), 324–333 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Shokrieh, M.M., Kamali, S.M.: Theoretical and experimental studies on residual stresses in laminated polymer composites. J. Compos. Mater. 39(24), 2213–2225 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Shokrieh, M.M., Ghasemi, A.R.: Simulation of central hole drilling process for measurement of residual stresses in isotropic, orthotropic and laminated composite plates. J. Compos. Mater. 41(4), 435–452 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Civín, A.: Comprehensive Theoretical Analysis of Ring-Core Method for Residual Stress Determination, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (2010)

  11. Civín, A., Vlk, M.: Theoretical Analysis of Ring-Core Method for Residual Stress Determination. ANSYS, Canonsburg (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Zuccarello, B.: Optimization of depth increment distribution in the ring-core method. J. Strain Anal. 31(4), 251–258 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Ajovalasit, A., Petrucci, G., Zuccarello, B.: Determination of Non-uniform Residual Stresses Using the Ring-Core Method, Department of Mechanics and Aeronautics, vol. 118 (1996)

  14. Václavík, J., Weinberg, O., Bohdan, P., Jankovec, J., Holý, S.: Evaluation of residual stresses using ring core method. In: EPJ Web of Conferences, vol. 6, p. 44004 (2010)

  15. Šarga, P., Menda, F.: Comparison of ring-core method and hole-drilling method used for determining residual stresses. Am. J. Mech. Eng. 1(7), 335–338 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Menda, F., Trebuňa, F., Šarga, P.: Determination of the necessary geometric parameters of the specimen in ring-core method. Mech. Mater. 486, 90–95 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bouffioux, C., Pesci, R., Boman, R., Caillet, N., Ponthot, J., Habraken, A.M.: Comparison of residual stresses on long rolled profiles measured by X-ray diffraction, ring core and the sectioning methods and simulated by FE method. Thin Walled Struct. 104, 126–134 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Schajer, G.S.: Hole-drilling residual stress measurements at 75: origins, advances, opportunities. Exp. Mech. 50, 245–253 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Baldi, A.: Using Optical Interferometry to Restart the Ring-Core Method. Society for Experimental Mechanics, Bethel (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  20. ASTME837-99:1999: Determining Residual Stresses by the Hole-Drilling Strain-Gage Method. American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken (2002)

  21. Ghasemi, A.R., Taheri-Behrooz, F., Shokrieh, M.M.: Measuring Residual Stresses in Composite Materials Using the Simulated Hole-Drilling Method, Residual Stresses in Composite Materials, pp. 76–120. Woodhead Publishing, Sawston (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ghasemi, A., Taheri-Behrooz, F., Shokrieh, M.: Determination of non-uniform residual stresses in laminated composites using integral hole drilling method: experimental evaluation. J. Compos. Mater. 48(4), 415–425 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Shokrieh, M.M., Akbari, S., Daneshvar, A.: A comparison between the slitting method and the classical lamination theory in determination of macro-residual stresses in laminated composites. Compos. Struct. 96, 708–715 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Tsai, S.W.: Composites Design, 4th edn. Think Composites, Dayton, OH (1988)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Thanks for the Cooperation of “Iranian gas transmission company- diat 2” in this article.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran

    Roohollah Ghaedamini, Aazam Ghassemi & Amir Atrian

  2. Modern Manufacturing Technologies Research Center, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran

    Roohollah Ghaedamini, Aazam Ghassemi & Amir Atrian

Authors
  1. Roohollah Ghaedamini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aazam Ghassemi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Amir Atrian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Aazam Ghassemi.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Ghaedamini, R., Ghassemi, A. & Atrian, A. Ring-core method in determining the amount of non-uniform residual stress in laminated composites: experimental, finite element and theoretical evaluation. Arch Appl Mech 88, 755–767 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-017-1340-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00419-017-1340-z

Keywords

Search

Navigation