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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of ocular surface disease in glaucoma patients with benzalkonium chloride-preserved latanoprost eye drops: a short-term longitudinal study

  • Glaucoma
  • Published:
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This article was retracted on 05 May 2022

This article has been updated

Abstract

Purpose

To prospectively evaluate the effect of benzalkonium chloride (BAK)-preserved latanoprost on ocular surface damage and identify the associated risk factors among treatment-naive glaucoma patients.

Methods

The basal Schirmer’s test results, corneal Oxford staining score, non-invasive keratograph tear-breakup time, oculus hyperemia index score (objective metrics), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire (subjective metric) were evaluated at baseline, 1 month, and 4 months after receiving latanoprost eye drops. Associated risk factors were assessed by multivariate linear regression.

Results

Seventy-four eyes (44 patients) were enrolled. Basal Schirmer’s test tear-flow and Oxford scores gradually deteriorated (β = −0.14, P = 0.001 and β = 0.1, P < 0.001, respectively). The percentage of unstable tear-film (breakup time < 10 s) increased significantly at 4 months (6.21% vs 9.11%, P = 0.042). Hyperemic scores increased significantly at 1 month and normalized at 4 months (P = 0.01 and P = 0.16, respectively); total OSDI scores tended to improve (β = −0.76, P = 0.06). Older age was associated with additional corneal Oxford staining (P = 0.005); female sex was associated with increased unstable tear-film scores (P = 0.01). Artificial tear use was associated with a smaller decrease in basal Schirmer’s test values (P = 0.01) and a smaller increase in unstable tear-film scores (P = 0.02).

Conclusions

Preserved latanoprost eye drops affected ocular surface changes in glaucoma patients through decreased basal tear secretion. Artificial tears represent an early intervention in vulnerable glaucoma patients with reduced tear secretion and impaired tear-film stability.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge statistical assistance provided by the Center of Statistical Consultation and Research in the Department of Medical Research, National Taiwan University Hospital.

Funding

The authors did not receive support from any organization for the submitted work.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 7, Chung-Shan S. Rd, Taipei, Taiwan

    Chien-Chia Su & Peter Richmond Candano Lee

  2. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Chien-Chia Su

  3. National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

    Chien-Chia Su

  4. Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan

    Yi-Chieh Lee

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  1. Chien-Chia Su
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Correspondence to Chien-Chia Su.

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The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Ethics approval

All procedures used in this study were approved by the Ethics Review Board of the National Taiwan University Hospital and adhered to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-022-05690-x

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Su, CC., Lee, YC. & Lee, P.R.C. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Assessment of ocular surface disease in glaucoma patients with benzalkonium chloride-preserved latanoprost eye drops: a short-term longitudinal study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 259, 1243–1251 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-05067-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-05067-y

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