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A longitudinal study of the effect of ocular biometrics measures on myopia onset

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Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the relationship between ocular biometrics (OB) and myopia onset.

Methods

OB data from students in 4 grades (aged from 6 to 14 years) in China were collected in a 1.5-year longitudinal study. Refractive error was assessed with cycloplegic autorefraction.

Results

At baseline, 934 (56.33%) of the subjects (right eye) had myopia. The mean spherical equivalent (SE) and axial length to corneal radius (AL/CR) were − 2.14 ± 1.49 and 3.14 ± 0.11, respectively, in the subjects with myopia and − 0.09 ± 0.21 and 2.98 ± 0.07, respectively, in the subjects without myopia. The correlation between the SE and AL/CR was r = − 0.823 (P < 0.001). The slopes of the SE changing with the AL/CR (and R-squares) were − 0.28 to − 1.80 (0.01–0.14) in the no myopia group, − 3.40 to − 6.20 (0.20–0.48) in the low myopia group, and − 3.37 to − 11.34 (0.16–0.74) in the moderate and high myopia groups. The baseline AL/CR values in grades 1, 3, and 5 were higher in those who developed myopia within 1.5 years. The odds ratio of the AL/CR to myopia onset in 1.5 years was 1.096 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.060–1.135).

Conclusions

Of the five indicators, the AL/CR showed the best correlation with the SE. The adjoint and linear relationship between the AL/CR and the SE tended to increase with SE progression. When myopia progressed beyond a certain range, the AL/CR was significantly different in those without initial myopia who developed it within 1.5 years compared with those who did not. After adjusting for age, sex, school, and grade, the interpretation capability of the current AL/CR to myopia onset in 1.5 years was limited.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Yu Lin (Statistician, Shenzhen Withsum Technology Limited, supported by Shenzhen Science and Technology Plan, Grant No. CKCY20180323174659823) for assistance with data analysis that greatly improved the manuscript.

Funding

This study was financially supported by the Shenzhen Science and Technology Project (No. JCYJ20170306113900538), Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen (No. SZSM201812090), and Shenzhen Nanshan Educational Science and Technology Fund (No. NSJY20170102).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shenzhen Eye Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China

    Zhengyang Tao, Hongwei Deng, Huahong Zhong, Jun Zhao & Minjuan Zhu

  2. Shenzhen Aier Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China

    Shuiqiang Chen

  3. Nanshan Educational Science Research Institute of ShenZhen, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong Province, China

    Yang Yu & Shan Li

Authors
  1. Zhengyang Tao
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  2. Hongwei Deng
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  3. Huahong Zhong
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  4. Yang Yu
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  5. Jun Zhao
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  6. Shuiqiang Chen
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  7. Shan Li
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  8. Minjuan Zhu
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Contributions

Hongwei Deng and Huahong Zhong conceived and designed the study. Yang Yu and Minjuan Zhu performed the data collection and organization. Zhengyang Tao, ShuiQiang Chen, and Shan Li analyzed the data. Zhengyang Tao wrote the paper. Hongwei Deng and Jun Zhao reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hongwei Deng.

Ethics declarations

Statement of ethics

Parents and children were provided a clear and easy-to-understand explanation of the study. Any of the measurement results were recorded only with the informed consent of the parents. This study followed the Helsinki declaration and was approved by the institutional research ethics committee of Shenzhen Eye Hospital (L-2019-002).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Tao, Z., Deng, H., Zhong, H. et al. A longitudinal study of the effect of ocular biometrics measures on myopia onset. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 259, 999–1008 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-05010-1

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