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Macular structural changes and factors affecting final visual acuity in patients with Behçet uveitis

  • Inflammatory Disorders
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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate macular structural changes during the active and remission periods in patients with Behçet uveitis and to further assess the factors affecting final visual acuity.

Methods

Clinical records and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) findings of patients with Behçet uveitis were retrospectively reviewed.

Results

Sixty-nine eyes of 35 patients were included in the study. SD-OCT findings in the active uveitis period included epiretinal membrane (ERM) in 26 (37.1%) eyes, ellipsoid zone (EZ) damage in 11 (15.7%), external limiting membrane (ELM) damage in 10 (14.3%), macular atrophy in 6 (8.6%), disruption of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in 11 (15.7%), a macular scar in 1 (1.4%), and loss of normal foveal contour appearance in 15 (21.4%). There was macular edema in 23 eyes (32.9%) in the active uveitis period (11 (15.7%) cystoid macular edema, 10 (14.3%) diffuse macular edema, and 7 (10.0%) serous retinal detachment). In the remission period, SD-OCT findings included ERM in 37 (52.9%) eyes, EZ damage in 14 (20%), ELM damage in 14 (20%), macular atrophy in 7 (10%), disruption of RPE in 14 (20.0%), macular scar in 1 (1.4%), and loss of normal foveal contour appearance in 17 (24.3%). The mean central macular thickness in the remission period was significantly lower than in the active uveitis period (p < 0.001). The presence of EZ damage and loss of normal foveal contour appearance in active uveitis period were the independent factors associated with final visual acuity (logMAR) (β = 0.736, p = 0.003; β = 0.682, p = 0.002, respectively).

Conclusion

Ellipsoid zone damage and loss of normal foveal contour appearance are important factors affecting visual acuity in Behçet uveitis.

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Funding

SD-OCT device was supported by the Ankara University Scientific Projects (Project number: 15A0230008).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Mamak Street, 06620, Ankara, Turkey

    F. Nilüfer Yalçındağ, Emine Temel & Mehmet Zahid Şekkeli

  2. Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey

    İrem Kar

Authors
  1. F. Nilüfer Yalçındağ
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  2. Emine Temel
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  3. Mehmet Zahid Şekkeli
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Contributions

F.N.Y and E.T. conceived of the presented idea and planned the study. F.N.Y and E.T. carried out the measurements and analysis. I.K. carried out statistical analysis. F.N.Y and E.T. wrote the manuscript with support from M.Z.Ş. All authors discussed the results and contributed to the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Emine Temel.

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All procedures performed in the study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Yalçındağ, F.N., Temel, E., Şekkeli, M.Z. et al. Macular structural changes and factors affecting final visual acuity in patients with Behçet uveitis. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 259, 715–721 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04958-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00417-020-04958-4

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