Abstract
Two multiplex polymerase chain reaction systems for the automated profiling of 12 X-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) markers were developed. Multiplex A consisted of DXS6789, DXS6809, GATA172D05, DXS101, DXS8378, and DXS8377. Multiplex B consisted of DXS7132, DXS6800, DXS6801, DXS7424, HPRTB, and DXS10011. The set of amplified X-STRs was designed to include groups of closely linked markers (DXS101–DXS7424 and DXS6789–DXS6801–DXS6809) to generate highly informative haplotypes for kinship testing. A population genetics study of the 12 X-STRs was conducted in a northwestern Italian population sample (n=160, 80 women and 80 men). A diallelic pattern at locus DXS6789 was observed in one man.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Szibor R, Krawczak M, Hering S, Edelmann J, Kuhlisch E, Krause D (2003) Use of X-linked markers for forensic purposes. Int J Legal Med 117:67–74
Bini C, Ceccardi S, Ferri G et al (2005) Development of a heptaplex PCR system to analyse X-chromosome STR loci from five Italian population samples. A collaborative study. Forensic Sci Int 153:231–236
Tabbada KA, De Ungria MC, Faustino LP, Athanasiadou D, Stradmann-Bellinghausen B, Schneider PM (2005) Development of a pentaplex X-chromosomal short tandem repeat typing system and population genetics studies. Forensic Sci Int 154:173–180
Poetsch M, Petersmann H, Repenning A, Lignitz E (2005) Development of two pentaplex systems with X-chromosomal STR loci and their allele frequencies in a northeast German population. Forensic Sci Int 155:71–76
Edelmann J, Hering S, Kuhlisch E, Szibor R (2002) Validation of the STR DXS7424 and the linkage situation on the X-chromosome. Forensic Sci Int 125:217–222
Szibor R, Hering S, Kuhlisch E, Plate I, Demberger S, Krawczak M, Edelmann J (2005) Haplotyping of STR cluster DXS6801–DXS6809–DXS6789 on Xq21 provides a powerful tool for kinship testing. Int J Legal Med 119:363–369
Kong A, Gudbjartsson DF, Sainz J et al (2002) A high-resolution recombination map of the human genome. Nat Genet 31:241–247
Szibor R, Hering S, Edelmann J (2005) A new Web site compiling forensic chromosome X research is now online. Int J Legal Med 120(4):252–254 DOI 10.1007/s00414-005-0029-y
Szibor R, Edelmann J, Hering S et al (2003) Cell line DNA typing in forensic genetics—the necessity of reliable standards. Forensic Sci Int 138:37–43
Edelmann J, Szibor R (2005) Validation of the X-linked STR DXS6801. Forensic Sci Int 148:219–220
Hering S, Brundirs N, Kuhlisch E et al (2004) DXS10011: studies on structure, allele distribution in three populations and genetic linkage to further q-telomeric chromosome X markers. Int J Legal Med 118:313–319
Bär W, Brinkmann B, Budowle B et al (1997) DNA recommendations. Further report of the DNA Commission of the ISFH regarding the use of short tandem repeat systems. International Society for Forensic Haemogenetics. Int J Legal Med 110:175–176
Edelmann J, Hering S, Michael M et al (2001) 16 X-chromosome STR loci frequency data from a German population. Forensic Sci Int 124:215–218
Edelmann J, Deichsel D, Plate I, Käser M, Szibor R (2003) Validation of the X-chromosomal STR DXS6809. Int J Legal Med 117:241–244
Edelmann J, Deichsel D, Hering S, Plate I, Szibor R (2002) Sequence variation and allele nomenclature for the X-linked STRs DXS9895, DXS8378, DXS7132, DXS6800, DXS7133, GATA172D05, DXS7423 and DXS8377. Forensic Sci Int 129:99–103
Schneider S, Roessli D, Excoffier L (2000) Arlequin version 2.000: A software for population genetics data analysis. Genetics and Biometry Laboratory, University of Geneva, Switzerland
Nei M, Roychoudhury AK (1974) Sampling variances of heterozygosity and genetic distance. Genetics 76:379–390
Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW (1980) Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Am J Hum Genet 32:314–331
Desmarais D, Zhong Y, Chakraborty R, Perreault C, Busque L (1998) Development of a highly polymorphic STR marker for identity testing purposes at the human androgen receptor gene (HUMARA). J Forensic Sci 43:1046–1049
Krüger J, Fuhrmann W, Lichte KH, Steffens C (1968) Zur Verwendung der sauren Erythrocytenphosphatase bei der Vaterschaftsbegutachtung. Dtsch Z Gesamte Gerichtl Med 64:127–146
Kishida T, Tamaki Y (1997) Japanese population data on X-chromosomal STR locus AR. Nippon Hoigaku Zasshi 51:376–379
Wiegand P, Berger B, Edelmann J, Parson W (2003) Population genetic comparisons of three X-chromosomal STRs. Int J Legal Med 117:62–65
Lee HY, Park MJ, Jeong CK et al (2004) Genetic characteristics and population study of 4 X-chromosomal STRs in Koreans: evidence for a null allele at DXS9898. Int J Legal Med 118:355–360
Turrina S, De Leo D (2003) Population data of three X-chromosomal STRs: DXS7132, DXS7133 and GATA172D05 in north Italy. J Forensic Sci 48:1428–1429
Toni C, Presciuttini S, Spinetti I, Domenici R (2003) Population data of four X-chromosome markers in Tuscany, and their use in a deficiency paternity case. Forensic Sci Int 137:215–216
Iafrate AJ, Feuk L, Rivera MN et al (2004) Detection of large-scale variation in the human genome. Nat Genet 36:949–951
Shaw CJ, Lupski JR (2004) Implications of human genome architecture for rearrangement-based disorders: the genomic basis of disease. Hum Mol Genet 13(Spec No 1):R57–R64
Acknowledgement
The continuing support of the Compagnia di San Paolo to C. Torre’s laboratory is gratefully acknowledged.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Robino, C., Giolitti, A., Gino, S. et al. Development of two multiplex PCR systems for the analysis of 12 X-chromosomal STR loci in a northwestern Italian population sample. Int J Legal Med 120, 315–318 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-006-0115-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-006-0115-9