Abstract
Supernumerary B chromosomes (Bs) are accessory elements to the regular chromosome set (As) and have been observed in a huge diversity of eukaryotic species. Although extensively investigated, the biological significance of Bs remains enigmatic. Here, we present de novo genome assemblies for the cichlid fish Astatotilapia latifasciata, a well-known model to study Bs. High coverage data with Illumina sequencing was obtained for males and females with 0B (B−), 1B, and 2B (B+) chromosomes to provide information regarding the diversity among these genomes. The draft assemblies comprised 771 Mb for the B− genome and 781 Mb for the B+ genome. Comparative analysis of the B+ and B− assemblies reveals syntenic discontinuity, duplicated blocks and several insertions, deletions, and inversions indicative of rearrangements in the B+ genome. Hundreds of transposable elements and 1546 protein coding sequences were annotated in the duplicated B+ regions. Our work contributes a list of thousands of genes harbored on the B chromosome, with functions in several biological processes, including the cell cycle.
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We thank Thomas D Kocher for the critical review of the manuscript.
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This work was financially supported through grants from the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (2011/03807-7; 2013/04533-3; 2014/17683-6; 2015/16661-1) and the National Counsel of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq) (474684/2013-0; 305321/2015-3).
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Jehangir, M., Ahmad, S.F., Cardoso, A.L. et al. De novo genome assembly of the cichlid fish Astatotilapia latifasciata reveals a higher level of genomic polymorphism and genes related to B chromosomes. Chromosoma 128, 81–96 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00412-019-00707-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00412-019-00707-7