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Evaluation of Renin and Soluble (Pro)renin Receptor in Patients with IPF. A Comparison with Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis

  • Interstitial Lung Disease
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Abstract

Introduction

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a lethal disease with an unclear pathogenic mechanism. Components of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) have a role in the pathogenesis of IPF, specifically, the aspartyl protease renin acts as a profibrotic factor in the lung. However, the concentration of the RAS components renin and soluble (pro)renin receptor (sPRR) have not been previously evaluated neither in serum nor in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BAL) of patients with IPF or chronic Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (cHP), a disease which may be confused with IPF.

Methods

The serum levels of renin [IPF patients (n = 70), cHP patients (n = 83), and controls (n = 26)] and sPRR [IPF (n = 28), cHP (37), and controls (n = 20)] were measured by ELISA. Renin was also quantified in BALs of IPF patients and controls by Western blot.

Results

We found that the levels of renin were higher in serum samples from IPF patients when compared with cHP patients and controls. Furthermore, BALs from IPF patients had more renin than BALs from controls. Unlike renin, the serum levels of sPRR were lower in IPF and cHP patients than in control individuals.

Conclusions

The high levels of renin in sera and BALs of IPF patients suggest that renin might play a major role in the pathogenesis of IPF. Results from BAL confirm that renin is produced locally in the lung. Serum levels of renin could be used to differentiate IPF from cHP.

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Abbreviations

IPF:

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

cHP:

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

BAL:

Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid

EMT:

Epithelial to mesenchymal

sPRR:

Soluble (pro)renin receptor

PRR:

(Pro)renin receptor

RAS:

Renin–angiotensin system

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico

    Buendía-Roldan Ivette, Díaz-Piña Gabriela & Ruiz Victor

  2. Clínica de Asma, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico

    Montes Eduardo

  3. Laboratorio de Morfología, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico

    Moreno-Avila Veronica

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  1. Montes Eduardo
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Correspondence to Ruiz Victor.

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Eduardo, M., Ivette, BR., Gabriela, DP. et al. Evaluation of Renin and Soluble (Pro)renin Receptor in Patients with IPF. A Comparison with Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis. Lung 197, 715–720 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-019-00278-5

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