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Changes in neurogenesis in dementia and Alzheimer mouse models: are they functionally relevant?

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Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias are devastating disorders that lead to the progressive decline of cognitive functions. Characteristic features are severe brain atrophy, paralleled by accumulation of beta amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles. With the discovery of neurogenesis in the adult brain, the hopes have risen that these neurodegenerative conditions could be overcome, or at least ameliorated, by the generation of new neurons. The location of the adult neurogenic zones in the hippocampus and the lateral ventricle wall, close to corpus callosum and neocortex, indicates strategic positions for potential repair processes. However, we also need to consider that the generation of new neurons is possibly involved in cognitive functions and could, therefore, be influenced by disease pathology. Moreover, aberrant neurogenic mechanisms could even be a part of the pathological events of neurodegenerative diseases. It is the scope of this review to summarize and analyze the recent data from neurogenesis research with respect to Alzheimer’s disease and its animal models.

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Abbreviations

AD:

Alzheimer’s disease

APP:

amyloid precursor protein

Aß:

beta amyloid peptide

BDNF:

brain derived neurotrophic factor

BrdU:

bromo-deoxyuridine

CA:

cornu ammonis

CNS:

central nervous system

DCX:

doublecortin

DG:

dentate gyrus

FGF-2:

fibroblast growth factor 2

IGF-1:

insulin-like growth factor 1

LTP:

long-term potentiation

MAP:

microtubule-associated protein

NFT:

neurofibrillary tangle

PCNA:

proliferating cell nuclear antigen

PDGF:

platelet-derived growth factor

PS:

presenilin

RMS:

rostral migratory stream

SGZ:

subgranular zone

SVZ:

subventricular zone

VEGF:

vascular endothelial growth factor

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Brain Repair and Rehabilitation Institute for Neuroscience and Physiology, Göteborg University, Medicianregatan 11, 40530, Göteborg, Sweden

    H. Georg Kuhn & Christi M. Cooper-Kuhn

  2. Swammerdam Institute for Neuroscience Centre for Neuroscience, University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 320, 1098, SM, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Karin Boekhoorn & Paul J. Lucassen

Authors
  1. H. Georg Kuhn
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  2. Christi M. Cooper-Kuhn
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  3. Karin Boekhoorn
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  4. Paul J. Lucassen
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Correspondence to H. Georg Kuhn.

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Kuhn, H.G., Cooper-Kuhn, C.M., Boekhoorn, K. et al. Changes in neurogenesis in dementia and Alzheimer mouse models: are they functionally relevant?. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosc 257, 281–289 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-007-0732-4

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