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Resistin in inflammatory and degenerative rheumatologic diseases

Relationship between resistin and rheumatoid arthritis disease progression

Resistin bei entzündlichen und degenerativen rheumatischen Erkrankungen

Resistin und Progressionsfaktoren bei rheumatoider Arthritis

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Abstract

Aims of the study

To assess and compare resistin levels in the serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA; an inflammatory rheumatologic disease) and osteoarthritis (OA; a degenerative rheumatologic disease) and to study the relationship between resistin levels and prognostic factors of RA disease progression.

Patients and methods

This study included a total of 50 patients: 25 with RA and 25 with OA. Full case history was documented for all patients and all underwent a thorough clinical examination and laboratory testing. Body mass index (BMI) values were also calculated. Radiographs were made of OA patients’ knees and RA patients’ hands. Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) was calculated for RA patients. Serum and synovial fluid samples were obtained from the effused knees of all patients and tested for resistin level.

Results

Serum resistin levels were higher in RA patients than in those with OA (p < 0.01). Synovial fluid resistin levels were also higher in RA than OA patients (p < 0.001). While serum resistin levels correlated with Larsen score and total leukocyte count (TLC), synovial fluid resistin levels correlated with rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) levels in addition to Larsen score and TLC.

Conclusion

Resistin levels were found to be higher in the serum and synovial fluid of RA patients than in those with OA. This may suggest a role for resistin in inflammatory rheumatologic diseases. The observed statistically significant correlation between synovial fluid resistin levels and RF, ACPA and Larsen score may suggest that high synovial fluid resistin levels can be considered a poor prognostic factor for RA progression. However, further studies employing a larger cohort of patients are needed to confirm the relevance of resistin as a prognostic marker in RA patients.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel

Ziel der Studie war die Bestimmung von Resistin in Serum und Synovialflüssigkeit von Patienten mit entzündlicher rheumatischer Erkrankung, wie rheumatoider Arthritis (RA), im Vergleich mit Patienten mit degenerativer rheumatischer Erkrankung, wie Arthrose („osteoarthritis“, OA). Überprüft werden sollte die Beziehung mit prognostischen Faktoren für die Progression einer RA.

Patienten und Methoden

In die Studie eingeschlossen waren 50 Patienten, 25 mit RA und 25 mit OA. Von allen wurde eine umfassende Anamnese erhoben, alle wurden ausführlich klinisch und laborchemisch untersucht. Für OA-Patienten wurden Röntgenaufnahmen des Kniegelenks erstellt, für RA-Patienten Röntgenaufahmen der Hände, die Krankheitsaktivität wurde nach dem DAS-28-Score ermittelt. Proben von Serum und Synovialflüssigkeit zur Resistin-Bestimmung wurden allen Patienten entnommen, und für alle wurde der Körpermassenindex (BMI) berechnet.

Ergebnisse

Die Resistin-Konzentrationen im Serum und Synovialflüssigkeit war bei RA-Patienten höher als bei denen mit OA (p < 0,01 bzw. p < 0,001). Die Resistin-Konzentration in der Synovialflüssigkeit wurde mit dem Rheumafaktor (RF), mit Antikörpern gegen zitrulliniertes Protein (ACPA), dem Larsen-Score und den Gesamtleukozyten („total leukocytic count“, TLC) korreliert, die Serum-Resistin-Konzentration mit dem Larsen-Score und dem TLC.

Fazit

Die Resistin-Konzentrationen in Serum und Synovialflüssigkeit war bei RA-Patienten höher als bei Patienten mit OA. Das kann nahelegen, dass Resistin bei entzündlichen rheumatischen Erkrankungen eine Rolle spielt. Die signifikante statistische Korrelation zwischen Resistin in der Synovialflüssigkeit sowie RF, ACPA und Larsen-Score, die sich in der vorgestellten Studie gezeigt hat, könnte darauf hindeuten, dass hohe Resistin-Konzentrationen in der Synovialflüssigkeit als ungünstiger prognostischer Faktor für eine RA-Progression zu werten sind. Um die Rolle von Resistin als Prognosemarker bei RA zu überprüfen, sind jedoch Studien mit mehr Patienten erforderlich.

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On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Correspondence to S.M. Gamal.

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Fadda, S., Gamal, S., Elsaid, N. et al. Resistin in inflammatory and degenerative rheumatologic diseases. Z. Rheumatol. 72, 594–600 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00393-013-1146-5

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