Abstract
We explore the decadal variability of teleconnection from tropical Pacific to the Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) using various observational and Reanalysis datasets for the period 1958–2008. In confirmation with the earlier findings, we find that the interannual correlations between the various SST indices of ENSO and ISMR have continued to weaken. Interestingly, we find that even the robust lead correlations of the tropical pacific warm-water-volume with ISMR have weakened since late 1970s. Our analysis suggests that there is a relative intensification of the cross-equatorial flow from the southern hemisphere into the equatorial Indian Ocean associated with ISMR due to strenghtening of Mascarene High. Further, a shift in the surface wind circulation associated with monsoon over the northern pacific since late 1970s has resulted in a strenghtened cyclonic seasonal circulation south-east of Japan. These changed circulation features are a shift from the known circulation-signatures that efficiently teleconnect El Niño forcing to South Asia. These recent changes effectively weakened the teleconnection of the El Niño to ISMR.
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Acknowledgements
We express our sincere gratitude to Profs. In-Sik Kang and Raghu Murtugudde for their valuable suggestions and Dr. Michael McPhaden for his suggestions in improving this manuscript, at the CLIVAR-2016 conference. We also thank three unknown reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Figures in this study were generated using the GrADs software from IGES/COLA, USA. For data manupulation, we used CDO of Max Planck Institute for Meteorology and NCL. We also acknowledge Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for the Junior Research Fellowship.
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Feba, F., Ashok, K. & Ravichandran, M. Role of changed Indo-Pacific atmospheric circulation in the recent disconnect between the Indian summer monsoon and ENSO. Clim Dyn 52, 1461–1470 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4207-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-018-4207-2