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Impact of grazing on shaping abundance and composition of active methanotrophs and methane oxidation activity in a grassland soil

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Abstract

The effect of grazing on the abundance, composition, and methane (CH4) uptake of methanotrophs in grasslands has been well documented in the past few decades, but the dominant communities of active methanotrophs responsible for CH4 oxidation activity in grazed soils are still poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the metabolically active, aerobic methanotrophs in grasslands with three different levels of grazing (light, medium, and heavy) by combining DNA-stable isotope probing (SIP) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) for methane monooxygenase (pmoA) gene– and 16S rRNA gene–based amplicon sequencing. The CH4 oxidation potential was as low as 0.51 μmol g dry weight−1 day−1 in the ungrazed control, while it decreased as grazing intensity increased in grazed fields, ranging from 2.25 μmol g dry weight−1 day−1 in light grazed fields to 1.59 in heavily grazed fields. Increased CH4 oxidation activity was paralleled by twofold increases in abundance of pmoA genes and relative abundance of methanotroph-affiliated 16S rRNA genes in the total microbial community in grazed soils. SIP and sequencing revealed that the genera Methylobacter and Methylosarcina (type I; Gammaproteobacteria) and Methylocystis (type II; Alphaproteobacteria) were active methanotrophs responsible for CH4 oxidation in grazed soils. Light and intermediate grazing stimulated the growth and activity of methanotrophs, while heavy grazing decreased the abundance and diversity of the active methanotrophs in the typical steppe. Redundancy and correlation analysis further indicated that the variation of bulk density and soil C and N induced by grazing determined the abundance, diversity of active methanotrophs, and methane oxidation activity in the long-term grazed grassland soil.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Inner Mongolia Grassland Ecosystem Research Station, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences for assistance in soil sampling.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (41671249 and 41721001), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2019QNA6011), and National Key Basic Research Program of China (2014CB138801). Yong Li extends his thanks to the Pao Yu-Kong and Pao Zhao-Long Scholarships for financial support.

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  1. Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China

    Yong Li, Yaowei Liu, Xiongming Guan, Qichun Zhang, Yu Luo, Hongjie Di & Jianming Xu

  2. National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, 271018, China

    Hong Pan

  3. Centre for Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK

    Marcela Hernández

  4. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China

    Wei Wang

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  1. Yong Li
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Li, Y., Liu, Y., Pan, H. et al. Impact of grazing on shaping abundance and composition of active methanotrophs and methane oxidation activity in a grassland soil. Biol Fertil Soils 56, 799–810 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-020-01461-0

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