Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Algorithmic Painter: a NPR method to generate various styles of painting

  • original article
  • Published:
The Visual Computer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper proposes Algorithmic Painter, an algorithm that can produce various styles of painting from source photos. Algorithmic Painter is created by enhancing Synergistic Image Creator, a painterly rendering method, so that it is highly expressive but still preserves the essential characteristics of the source photo. To achieve this, our method extracts three types of image segments automatically from a source photo by a newly proposed classification method: edge areas, homogeneous areas, and highly contrastive areas. Next, each obtained image segment is converted into a brushstroke. Finally, the target picture is rendered by assigning a color to each pixel. Furthermore, this method can control the curvy shapes of brushstrokes, so that the obtained image can incorporate not only various artistic touches but also natural touches. As an example, the paper describes the composition technique for three considerably different painting styles.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Meier, B.J.: Painterly rendering for animation. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 477–484 (1996)

  2. Curtis, C.J., Anderson, S.E., Seims, J.E., Fleischery, K.W., Salesin, D.E.: Computer-generated watercolor. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 421–430 (1997)

  3. DeCaRlo, D., Santella, A.: Stylization and abstraction of photographs. ACM Trans. Graph. 21(3), 769–776 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Gooch, A. et al.: A non-photorealistic lighting model for automatic technical illustration. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 447–452 (1998)

  5. Hertzmann, A.: Painterly rendering with curved brush strokes of multiple sizes. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 453–460 (1998)

  6. Hertzmann, A., Zorin, D.: Illustrating smooth surfaces. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 517–526 (2000)

  7. Hertzmann, A. et al.: Image analogies. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 327–340 (2001)

  8. Kasao, A., Nakajima, M.: A resolution independent nonrealistic imaging system for artistic use. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on IEEE Multimedia Computing and Systems, pp 358–367 (1998)

  9. Kasao, A., Nakajima, M.: K-means algorithm using texture directionality for natural image segmentation. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Advanced Image Technology, pp 23–28 (1998)

  10. Kasao, A., Nakajima, M.: Synergistic image creator: a picture generation system with consideration of the painting process. Syst. Comput. Jpn. 30(10), 13–21 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Litwinowicz, P.: Processing images and video for an impressionist effect. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 407–414 (1997)

  12. McCorduck, P.: AARON’S code: meta-art, artificial intelligence, and the work of Halod Cohen. Freeman, New York (1990)

  13. Salisbury, M.P., Anderson, S.E., Barzel, R., Salesin, D.H.: Interactive pen-and-ink illustration. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 101–108 (1994)

  14. Salisbury, M.P., Anderson, C., Lischinski, D., Salesin, D.H.: Scale-dependent reproduction of pen and ink illustrations. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 461–468 (1996)

  15. Salisbury, M.P., Wong, M.T., Hughes, J.F., Salesin, D.H.: Orientable textures for image-based pen-and-ink illustration. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 401–406 (1997)

  16. Shiraishi, M., Yamaguchi, Y.: An algorithm for automatic painterly rendering based on local source image approximation. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Non-photorealistic Animation and Rendering, pp 53–58 (2000)

  17. Takagi, S., Fujishiro, I., Nakajima, M.: Volumetric modeling of colored pencil drawing. In: Proceedings of Pacific Graphics, pp 250–258 (1999)

  18. Winkenbach, G., Salesin, D.H.: Rendering parametric surfaces in pen and ink. In: Proceedings of ACM SIGGRAPH, pp 91–100 (1994)

  19. Zhang, Q.: Simple cellular-automaton-based simulation of ink behavior and its application to Suibokuga-like 3D rendering of trees. J. Visual. Comput. Anim. 10, 27–37 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Gooch, B., Coombe, G., Shirley, P.: Artistic vision: painterly rendering using computer vision techniques. In: Proceedings of NPAR, pp 83–90 and 160 (2002)

  21. http://www.siggraph.org/artdesign/gallery/S02/onwall/kasao/1bigimage.html

  22. http://www.siggraph.org/artdesign/gallery/S03/2d/0263.html

  23. http://plaza.bunka.go.jp/museum/jury_15_art.html

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Design, Faculty of Arts, Tokyo Polytechnic University, 2-19-3 Honchou, Nakanoku, Tokyo, 164-8678, Japan

    Atsushi Kasao & Kazunori Miyata

Authors
  1. Atsushi Kasao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kazunori Miyata
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Atsushi Kasao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kasao, A., Miyata, K. Algorithmic Painter: a NPR method to generate various styles of painting. Visual Comput 22, 14–27 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-005-0353-8

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00371-005-0353-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation