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Mechanisms underlying odorant-induced and spontaneous calcium signals in olfactory receptor neurons of spiny lobsters, Panulirus argus

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Abstract

We determined if a newly developed antennule slice preparation allows studying chemosensory properties of spiny lobster olfactory receptor neurons under in situ conditions with Ca2+ imaging. We show that chemical stimuli reach the dendrites of olfactory receptor neurons but not their somata, and that odorant-induced Ca2+ signals in the somata are sufficiently stable over time to allow stimulation with a substantial number of odorants. Pharmacological manipulations served to elucidate the source of odorant-induced Ca2+ transients and spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in the somata of olfactory receptor neurons. Both Ca2+ signals are primarily mediated by an influx of extracellular Ca2+ through voltage-activated Ca2+ channels that can be blocked by CoCl2 and the L-type Ca2+ channel blocker verapamil. Intracellular Ca2+ stores contribute little to odorant-induced Ca2+ transients and spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations. The odorant-induced Ca2+ transients as well as the spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations depend on action potentials mediated by Na+ channels that are largely TTX-insensitive but blocked by the local anesthetics tetracaine and lidocaine. Collectively, these results corroborate the conclusion that odorant-induced Ca2+ transients and spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations in the somata of olfactory receptor neurons closely reflect action potential activity associated with odorant-induced phasic-tonic responses and spontaneous bursting, respectively. Therefore, both types of Ca2+ signals represent experimentally accessible proxies of spiking.

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Abbreviations

ΔF/F :

Relative change in fluorescence intensity

NMDG:

N-methyl-d-glucamine

OGB:

Oregon Green 488 BAPTA-1 AM

ORN:

Olfactory receptor neuron

SERCA:

Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase pump

TM:

TetraMarine extract

TTX:

Tetrodotoxin

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by NIH DC00312, GSU Dissertation Grant and GSU Brains and Behavior fellowship to TT, and GSU Brains & Behavior seed grants to MS and CD. We thank Drs. Juan Aggio and Remus Osan for help with data analysis and statistics, Dr. Vincent Rehder for help with the initial setup of Ca2+ imaging, Drs. Yuriy Bobkov and Kirill Ukhanov (Whitney Laboratory, University of Florida) for helpful suggestions regarding the loading of antennule slices with Ca2+ indicator dyes, and Jessica Haulk for assistance with data organization. We thank Drs. Timothy McClintock, Phang C. Tai, and William Walthall for comments on the manuscript. All experiments are in accordance with the current laws on animal experimentation and care in the USA and the guidelines set by Georgia State University.

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  1. Tizeta Tadesse

    Present address: Department of Neurology, Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

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  1. Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biology, Georgia State University, P.O. Box 5030, Atlanta, GA, 30302-5030, USA

    Tizeta Tadesse, Charles D. Derby & Manfred Schmidt

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Correspondence to Manfred Schmidt.

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Tadesse, T., Derby, C.D. & Schmidt, M. Mechanisms underlying odorant-induced and spontaneous calcium signals in olfactory receptor neurons of spiny lobsters, Panulirus argus . J Comp Physiol A 200, 53–76 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-013-0861-3

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