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Bladder cancer in patients with neurogenic bladder disorder: a comparative study of different etiologies

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Abstract

Purpose

The objective of this study was to conduct a comparative study of different etiologies of neurogenic bladder disorders (NBDs) in patients with bladder cancer (BC) regarding patient- and tumor-related parameters and their oncological outcome.

Methods

Out of 98 patients with bladder tumors and neurogenic disease, 23 patients with BC and NBDs from Jan 1, 2010, to Dec 31, 2020, were included. The different etiologies of NBDs were merged in three groups based on the level of the nervous system (NS)-lesion: (i) central (n = 6), (ii) spinal cord (n = 10), and (iii) peripheral lesions (n = 7).

Results

Patients with lesions at the spinal cord level were younger at the time of BC diagnosis compared to patients with central or peripheral NS lesions (54 vs. 68 vs. 78 years, p = 0.0219). However, the latency to malignant transformation was more than twice as long (33 vs. 15 years, p = 0.0108). Most tumors were muscle-invasive or locally advanced BCs (62%) and presented lymph node metastases (55%), resulting in a poor mean overall survival of 30.9 ± 3.6 months. No significant differences regarding histopathology, tumor stage, and oncological outcome could be observed between the groups.

Conclusion

Patients with NBDs have a poor prognosis regardless of their etiology or the level of NS lesion. Patients with spinal cord lesions, including congenital NBDs, appear to develop BC at a young age, but compared to other etiologies latency from NBD to BC is longer.

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Availability of data and material

Not available.

Code availability

SAS (version 9.4, SAS Institute, Cary/North Carolina, USA).

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Funding

The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and publication of this article.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology and Urological Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany

    Julia Mühlbauer & David Klotz

  2. Department for Biomathematics and Medical Statistics, Faculty of Medicine Mannheim of the University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany

    Sylvia Büttner

  3. Center for Pediatric, Adolescent and Reconstructive Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany

    Raimund Stein & Nina Younsi

Authors
  1. Julia Mühlbauer
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  2. David Klotz
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  3. Sylvia Büttner
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  4. Raimund Stein
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  5. Nina Younsi
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Contributions

JM: Protocol/project development, supervision, interpretation of data, drafting of the manuscript. DK: Acquisition of data, statistical analysis and interpretation of data. SB: Statistical analysis. RS: Protocol/project development, supervision, critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content. NY: Protocol/project development, critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Julia Mühlbauer.

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Conflict of interest

None of the contributing authors have any conflict of interest, including specific financial interests or relationships and affiliations relevant to the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript.

Ethics approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Medical University of Mannheim (No. 2020-865R).

Informed consent

Informed consent is not required because the study was a retrospective, observational study/data analysis without intervention and information is anonymized and the submission does not include images that may identify the included patients.

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Mühlbauer, J., Klotz, D., Büttner, S. et al. Bladder cancer in patients with neurogenic bladder disorder: a comparative study of different etiologies. World J Urol 40, 1929–1937 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03922-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-021-03922-z

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