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Dense Mg x Ni1−x O nanocubes with special grain boundaries and paracrystalline distribution of defect clusters by pulsed laser ablation

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Abstract

Pulsed laser ablation of reactively sintered MgO–NiO (9:1, 1:1, 1:9 molar ratio) disks was used to fabricate dense rocksalt-type Mg x Ni1−x O in the form of submicron-sized spherical particulate and nanocubes for X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopic characterizations. The rapidly solidified particulates and the condensed nanocubes have internal compressive stress increasing up to ca. 1 GPa with the increases in Ni content. The nanocubes were coalesced over well-developed polar surfaces, i.e., {100}, minor {110} and their vicinal surfaces with growth ledges, to form special grain boundaries, i.e., (100) 15° and 45° twist boundaries and [100] {001}/{011} asymmetric tilt boundaries. The Mg x Ni1−x O nanocubes also showed 3-D paracrystalline distribution of defect clusters with 2 nm and 1.5–2 nm interspacing for M1N9 and M1N1 compositions, respectively, but G.P. zone-like features for M9N1 composition. The Mg x Ni1−x O particulates and nanocondensates have UV–visible absorption edge in the range 4.0–3.3 eV, decreasing with increasing Ni content for potential engineering applications.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology at NSYSU and partly by the Ministry of Science and Technology, ROC. We thank anonymous referees and editor for constructive comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan, ROC

    Ren-Hao Wu, Shih-Siang Lin & Pouyan Shen

  2. Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 84001, Taiwan, ROC

    Shuei-Yuan Chen

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  1. Ren-Hao Wu
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  2. Shih-Siang Lin
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Correspondence to Shuei-Yuan Chen.

Appendix

Appendix

See Fig. 13.

Fig. 13
figure 13

SEM a SEI of the greenish M1N1 disk target subjected to PLA under free run mode in air for 10 min to form a ablated trough with dark color under naked eye (inset), b, c enlarged from intact and ablated area, respectively, showing that the former has the solid-state sintered grains ca. 10–20 μm in size with inter- and intragranular pores, whereas the latter has finer recrystallized grains and solidified molten flow

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Wu, RH., Lin, SS., Shen, P. et al. Dense Mg x Ni1−x O nanocubes with special grain boundaries and paracrystalline distribution of defect clusters by pulsed laser ablation. Appl. Phys. A 120, 1121–1132 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-015-9287-9

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