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Influence of bases on hydrothermal synthesis of titanate nanostructures

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Abstract

A hydrothermal treatment of titanium dioxide (TiO2) with various bases (i.e., LiOH, NaOH, KOH, and NH4OH) was used to prepare materials with unique morphologies, relatively small crystallite sizes, and large specific surface areas. The experimental results show that the formation of TiO2 is largely dependent on the type, strength and concentration of a base. The effect of the nature of the base used and the concentration of the base on the formation of nanostructures were investigated using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy, as well as surface area measurements. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were both used to transform the morphology of starting TiO2 material.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Centre for Nano-Structured Materials, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria, 0001, PO Box 395, Republic of South Africa

    Lucky M. Sikhwivhilu & Suprakas Sinha Ray

  2. School of Chemistry, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2050, Republic of South Africa

    Neil J. Coville

Authors
  1. Lucky M. Sikhwivhilu
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  2. Suprakas Sinha Ray
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  3. Neil J. Coville
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Correspondence to Suprakas Sinha Ray.

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Sikhwivhilu, L.M., Sinha Ray, S. & Coville, N.J. Influence of bases on hydrothermal synthesis of titanate nanostructures. Appl. Phys. A 94, 963–973 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-008-4877-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-008-4877-4

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