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Comparative physiological and molecular responses of a common aromatic indica rice cultivar to high salinity with non-aromatic indica rice cultivars

  • Physiology and Biochemistry
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Abstract

In an attempt to understand the molecular basis of salt-stress response in the aromatic rice Gobindobhog, a comprehensive analysis encompassing physiological or biochemical assays and gene expression studies under high salt (200 mM NaCl) supply regimes were initiated and compared with a salt-sensitive (M-1-48) and salt-tolerant (Nonabokra) rice. The detrimental effects of salinity stress were the most pronounced in Gobindobhog, as reflected by the maximally increased root to shoot ratio, the highest chlorophyll degeneration, the highest foliar concentration of Na+ ions and peroxide content, with their maximum increment after salt treatment. The amplification of oxidative damages was further stimulated by the accumulation of putrescine and lipid peroxidation-derived toxic degradation products (increased malondialdehyde and lipoxygenase activity), which were comparable in M-1-48 and Gobindobhog. Antioxidants like anthocyanin and particularly cysteine and the osmolytes like reducing sugar, proline and polyamines (spermidine and spermine) showed the highest level in Nonabokra. While the inhibition of catalase activity occurred in all the varieties following salt-stress, the maximum induction in guaiacol peroxidase activity, elevated cysteine and proline levels in Gobindobhog probably constituted the detoxification mechanism obligatory for its survival. Intensification of the aroma content with salt treatment was markedly noted in Gobindobhog. A very low abundance of Rab16A/SamDC transcript and the corresponding proteins were observed both in M-1-48 and Gobindobhog, induced only after salt-stress, whereas they were constitutively expressed in Nonabokra. Thus, our data reflect Gobindobhog as a salt-sensitive cultivar, susceptible to high-stress-induced growth-inhibition, ion imbalances, membrane/oxidative damages with lower expression of stress-tolerant genes.

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Abbreviations

CAT:

Catalase

GPX:

Guaiacol peroxidase

LOX:

Lipoxygenase

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

ORF:

Open reading frame

PA:

Polyamine

Rab:

Responsive to abscisic acid

SAMDC:

S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the excellent technical assistance of Mr. Jadab Ghosh, who has meticulously designed all the figures and photographs included in this paper. This investigation was financially supported by a research grant from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, New Delhi (Grant No. BT/PR2965/AGR/02/155/04/2002) in a National Network Project. ARC acknowledges DBT for providing the award of Senior Research Fellowship during the course of this work. ARC is also very much thankful to Prof. Timothy J. Close, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, for providing the anti-dehydrin antiserum as a kind gift and to Dr. Saswati Laha, presently at Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India, for rice SAMDC antibody.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Bose Institute, 93/1, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 019, India

    Aryadeep Roychoudhury, Supratim Basu, Sailendra N. Sarkar & Dibyendu N. Sengupta

  2. Department of Botany, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700 019, India

    Aryadeep Roychoudhury & Sailendra N. Sarkar

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  1. Aryadeep Roychoudhury
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  2. Supratim Basu
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  3. Sailendra N. Sarkar
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  4. Dibyendu N. Sengupta
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Correspondence to Aryadeep Roychoudhury.

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Communicated by P.P. Kumar.

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Roychoudhury, A., Basu, S., Sarkar, S.N. et al. Comparative physiological and molecular responses of a common aromatic indica rice cultivar to high salinity with non-aromatic indica rice cultivars. Plant Cell Rep 27, 1395–1410 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-008-0556-3

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