Abstract
A major question in cell biology is, how are organelles and macromolecular machines moved within a cell? The delivery of cargoes to the right place at the right time within a cell is critical to cellular health. Failure to do so is often catastrophic for animal physiology and results in diseases of the gut, brain, and skin. In budding yeast, a myosin V motor, Myo2, moves cellular materials from the mother cell into the growing daughter bud. Myo2-based transport ensures that cellular contents are shared during cell division. During transport, Myo2 is often linked to its cargo via cargo-specific adaptor proteins. This simple organism thus serves as a powerful tool to study how myosin V moves cargo, such as organelles. Some critical questions include how myosin V moves along the actin cytoskeleton, or how myosin V attaches to cargo in the mother. Other critical questions include how the cargo is released from myosin V when it reaches its final destination in the bud. Here, we review the mechanisms that regulate the vacuole-specific adaptor protein, Vac17, to ensure that Myo2 delivers the vacuole to the bud and releases it at the right place and the right time. Recent studies have revealed that Vac17 is regulated by ubiquitylation and phosphorylation events that coordinate its degradation and the detachment of the vacuole from Myo2. Thus, multiple post-translational modifications tightly coordinate cargo delivery with cellular events. It is tempting to speculate that similar mechanisms regulate other cargoes and molecular motors.
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Acknowledgements
We thank the members of the Weisman lab for their insightful comments. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant R01 GM062261 to L.S.W. S.W. was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health grant T32 GM007315, National Institutes of Health Predoctoral Fellowship F31 AR073677, and the University of Michigan Rackham Predoctoral Fellowship.
Funding
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant R01 GM062261 to L.S.W. S.W. was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health grant T32 GM007315, National Institutes of Health Predoctoral Fellowship F31 AR073677, and the University of Michigan Rackham Predoctoral Fellowship.
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Communicated by Michael Polymenis.
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Wong, S., Weisman, L.S. Let it go: mechanisms that detach myosin V from the yeast vacuole. Curr Genet 67, 865–869 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-021-01195-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-021-01195-y