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Induction of Osmoadaptive Mechanisms and Modulation of Cellular Physiology Help Bacillus licheniformis Strain SSA 61 Adapt to Salt Stress

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Abstract

Bacillus licheniformis strain SSA 61, originally isolated from Sambhar salt lake, was observed to grow even in the presence of 25 % salt stress. Osmoadaptive mechanisms of this halotolerant B. licheniformis strain SSA 61, for long-term survival and growth under salt stress, were determined. Proline was the preferentially accumulated compatible osmolyte. There was also increased accumulation of antioxidants ascorbic acid and glutathione. Among the different antioxidative enzymes assayed, superoxide dismutase played the most crucial role in defense against salt-induced stress in the organism. Adaptation to stress by the organism involved modulation of cellular physiology at various levels. There was enhanced expression of known proteins playing essential roles in stress adaptation, such as chaperones DnaK and GroEL, and general stress protein YfkM and polynucleotide phosphorylase/polyadenylase. Proteins involved in amino acid biosynthetic pathway, ribosome structure, and peptide elongation were also overexpressed. Salt stress-induced modulation of expression of enzymes involved in carbon metabolism was observed. There was up-regulation of a number of enzymes involved in generation of NADH and NADPH, indicating increased cellular demand for both energy and reducing power.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Dr Shyamala Rajan, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA. Without her help, the collaboration between authors at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India and authors at Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, USA would not have been possible.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Microbiology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 10012, India

    Sangeeta Paul, Chetana Aggarwal & G. S. Bandeppa

  2. Division of Soil Biology, Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, 462 038, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Jyoti Kumar Thakur

  3. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

    Md. Aslam Khan

  4. Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, 60439, USA

    Lauren M. Pearson, Gyorgy Babnigg, Carol S. Giometti & Andrzej Joachimiak

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  1. Sangeeta Paul
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  2. Chetana Aggarwal
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  3. Jyoti Kumar Thakur
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  4. G. S. Bandeppa
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  5. Md. Aslam Khan
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Correspondence to Sangeeta Paul.

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Paul, S., Aggarwal, C., Thakur, J.K. et al. Induction of Osmoadaptive Mechanisms and Modulation of Cellular Physiology Help Bacillus licheniformis Strain SSA 61 Adapt to Salt Stress. Curr Microbiol 70, 610–617 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-014-0761-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-014-0761-y

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