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Effects of Co-Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobia on Fungal Occupancy in Chickpea Root and Nodule Determined by Real-Time PCR

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Abstract

Legume roots in nature are usually colonized with rhizobia and different arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species. Light microscopy that visualizes the presence of AMF in roots is not able to differentiate the ratio of each AMF species in the root and nodule tissues in mixed fungal inoculation. The purpose of this study was to characterize the dominant species of mycorrhiza in roots and nodules of plants co-inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobial strains. Glomus intraradices (GI), Glomus mosseae (GM), their mix (GI + GM), and six Mesorhizobium ciceri strains were used to inoculate chickpea. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to assess occupancy of these fungal species in roots and nodules. Results showed that GI molecular ratio and relative density were higher than GM in both roots and nodules. These differences in molecular ratio and density between GI and GM in nodules were three folds higher than roots. The results suggested that M. ciceri strains have different effects on nodulation and mycorrhizal colonization pattern. Plants with bacterial S3 and S1 strains produced the highest root nodulation and higher fungal density in both the roots and nodules.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Dr. M. Khayam Nekoui, Dr. R. Osfoori, Dr. I. Majidi, and the personnel of Microbial Biotechnology and Biosafety, and acknowledge the Genomics Departments of Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII) for their support and technical assistance. This study was supported by a grant from the Agricultural Research and Education Organization of Iran (AREEO).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Soil Science, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Blvd, Tabriz, Iran

    Alireza Tavasolee & Naser Aliasgharzad

  2. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute (ABRII), Seed and Plant Improvement Institutes Campus, Mahdasht Road, P. O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran

    Gholam Reza Salehi, Mohsen Mardi & Sepide Akbarivala

  3. Soil & Water Research Institute (SWRI), Karaj, Iran

    Ahmad Asgharzadeh

Authors
  1. Alireza Tavasolee
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  2. Naser Aliasgharzad
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  3. Gholam Reza Salehi
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  5. Ahmad Asgharzadeh
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Correspondence to Alireza Tavasolee.

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Tavasolee, A., Aliasgharzad, N., Salehi, G.R. et al. Effects of Co-Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobia on Fungal Occupancy in Chickpea Root and Nodule Determined by Real-Time PCR. Curr Microbiol 63, 107–114 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-011-9951-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-011-9951-z

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