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Newborn susceptibility to infection vs. disease depends on complex in vivo interactions of host and pathogen

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Abstract

The burden of newborn infectious disease has long been recognized as the highest across the entire human life span. The precise underlying cause is unfortunately still far from clear. A substantial body of data derived mostly from in vitro experimentation indicates “lower” host immune responses in early vs. adult life and is briefly summarized within this review. However, emerging data derived mostly from in vivo experimentation reveal that the newborn host also exhibits an exuberant immune and inflammatory response following infection when compared to the adult. In this context, it is important to emphasize that “infection” does not equate “infectious disease,” as for many infections it is the host response to the infection that causes disease. This simple insight readily arranges existing evidence into cause-effect relationships that explain much of the increase in clinical suffering from infection in early life. We here briefly summarize the evidence in support of this paradigm and highlight the important implications it has for efforts to ameliorate the suffering and dying from infection in early life.

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Funding information

This research was supported by a Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research Career Investigator Award to T.R.K. This work was supported by grants from the Appenrodt Foundation, the German Research Foundation (VI 538/6-1), and the Volkswagen Foundation (Az 90005) to DV.

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  1. Byron Brook and Danny Harbeson are co-first authors (i.e., contributed equally to this work)

    Dorothee Viemann and Tobias R. Kollmann are co-senior authors (i.e., contributed equally to this work)

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, UBC, BCCHRI A5-175, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z4H4, Canada

    Byron Brook, Danny Harbeson & Tobias R. Kollmann

  2. Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany

    Dorothee Viemann

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada

    Rym Ben-Othman & Tobias R. Kollmann

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  1. Byron Brook
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  2. Danny Harbeson
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  5. Tobias R. Kollmann
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Correspondence to Tobias R. Kollmann.

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This article is a contribution to the special issue on Immunocompetence of the Newborn - Guest Editors: Arnaud Marchant and Tobias Kollmann

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Brook, B., Harbeson, D., Ben-Othman, R. et al. Newborn susceptibility to infection vs. disease depends on complex in vivo interactions of host and pathogen. Semin Immunopathol 39, 615–625 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-017-0651-z

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