Abstract
Purpose: Among flavonoids, chalcones have been identified as interesting compounds having chemopreventive and antitumor properties. We studied a panel of newly developed chalcone analogues (S1–S10) using MDA-MB 231 and MCF-7 ADRr breast cancer cells and the T-leukemic Jurkat cell line. Quercetin was used as the reference compound. Methods: Antiproliferative activity was evaluated by cell counts performed after 72 h of exposure to the drugs. DNA analysis and redox activity were evaluated using flow cytometry. Apoptosis was assessed by morphological analysis, using YOYO-1 as DNA dye; p-glycoprotein function was ascertained by quantitating the efflux of rhodamine 123. Results: All cells were sensitive to chalcone analogues yielding IC50 in micromolar concentrations with the following order regardless of the multidrug resistance (MDR) status: S1 > S2 > quercetin. S1 and S2, the most active compounds, were selected to evaluate their effect on the cell cycle, apoptosis, redox activity, and modulation of the p-glycoprotein function. No significant perturbation in cell cycle was seen with concentration up to 1 μM after 24 h. After 72 h a slight increase in G2/M block and DNA fragmentation occurred at 10 μM. Morphological analysis of apoptosis showed that chalcone analogues induced apoptosis to a higher extent than quercetin. Redox analysis demonstrated that all substances were able to increase intracellular thiol levels, which returned to baseline value after 24 h for all drugs except quercetin. Production of reactive oxygen species was essentially unaffected by all compounds. Finally, in MDR-positive MCF-7 ADRr cells chalcone analogues were unable to modulate p-glycoprotein function while quercetin was able to. Conclusions: Newly developed S1 and S2 chalcones have a different but higher antitumor activity than quercetin and could be considered as potential new anticancer drugs.
Similar content being viewed by others
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Received: 25 October 1999 / Accepted: 22 May 2000
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
De Vincenzo, R., Ferlini, C., Distefano, M. et al. In vitro evaluation of newly developed chalcone analogues in human cancer cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 46, 305–312 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800000160
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002800000160