Abstract
In species that undergo actuarial senescence, the value of current reproduction is predicted to increase relative to the value of future reproduction with age, as the probability of survival to another reproductive event is reduced. Therefore, life history theory predicts that aging animals should increase their investment in reproduction. However, an increase in reproductive investment may carry significant costs to the breeding individuals. We recorded provisioning rates of Florida scrub-jay male breeders, followed by their immediate capture to assess body condition and collect blood for an in vitro test of immunocompetence and an assay of baseline corticosterone for a measure of stress. Older males provisioned offspring and brooding mates at the highest rates. There was no evidence of any physiological deficits in males with high provisioning rates, independent of age. It appears that birds that survive to old age are high quality birds that maintain good physiological condition, which complements the value of experience and permits maximal investment in offspring.
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Acknowledgements
We thank everyone at Archbold Biological Station for continued hospitality and support, particularly R Bowman. We are greatly indebted to MA Rensel and ES Bridge for their leadership and numerous contributions throughout the long field seasons. Furthermore, we thank GM Morgan, MA Desrosiers, and ZD Seilo for their hard work in the field and MD Venesky for cooking breakfast. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (IBN-034632 to SJS, IBN-0508418 to RKB and SJS, and IOS-0909620, to TEW and SJS), Sigma Xi (Grant-in-Aid of Research to TEW), the American Ornithologists’ Union (Josselyn Van Tyne Student Research Award to TEW), and the Florida Ornithological Society (Cruickshank Research Award to TEW). TEW was also supported by a Van Vleet Memorial Fellowship from the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Memphis during the course of this research. The experiments in this work comply with the current laws of the United States of America and all methods were approved by the University of Memphis Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.
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Wilcoxen, T.E., Boughton, R.K. & Schoech, S.J. Older can be better: physiological costs of paternal investment in the Florida scrub-jay. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 64, 1527–1535 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-010-0966-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-010-0966-4