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Simultaneous evaluation of brain tumour metabolism, structure and blood volume using [18F]-fluoroethyltyrosine (FET) PET/MRI: feasibility, agreement and initial experience

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European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Both [18F]-fluoroethyltyrosine (FET) PET and blood volume (BV) MRI supplement routine T1-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI in gliomas, but whether the two modalities provide identical or complementary information is unresolved. The aims of the study were to investigate the feasibility of simultaneous structural MRI, BV MRI and FET PET of gliomas using an integrated PET/MRI scanner and to assess the spatial and quantitative agreement in tumour imaging between BV MRI and FET PET.

Methods

A total of 32 glioma patients underwent a 20-min static simultaneous PET/MRI acquisition on a Siemens mMR system 20 min after injection of 200 MBq FET. The MRI protocol included standard structural MRI and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) imaging for BV measurements. Maximal relative tumour FET uptake (TBRmax) and BV (rBVmax), and Dice coefficients were calculated to assess the quantitative and spatial congruence in the tumour volumes determined by FET PET, BV MRI and contrast-enhanced MRI.

Results

FET volume and TBRmax were higher in BV-positive than in BV-negative scans, and both VOLBV and rBVmax were higher in FET-positive than in FET-negative scans. TBRmax and rBVmax were positively correlated (R 2 = 0.59, p < 0.001). FET and BV positivity were in agreement in only 26 of the 32 patients and in 42 of 63 lesions, and spatial congruence in the tumour volumes as assessed by the Dice coefficients was generally poor with median Dice coefficients exceeding 0.1 in less than half the patients positive on at least one modality for any pair of modalities. In 56 % of the patients susceptibility artefacts in DSC BV maps overlapped the tumour on MRI.

Conclusion

The study demonstrated that although tumour volumes determined by BV MRI and FET PET were quantitatively correlated, their spatial congruence in a mixed population of treated glioma patients was generally poor, and the modalities did not provide the same information in this population of patients. Combined imaging of brain tumour metabolism and perfusion using hybrid PET/MR systems may provide complementary information on tumour biology, but the potential clinical value remains to be determined in future trials.

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Acknowledgments

We thank The John and Birthe Meyer Foundation who donated the mMR PET/MR scanner to Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet. The authors would also like to thank technologists K. Stahr and M. Federspiel, and radiographer J.M. Poulsen for scanner assistance.

Compliance with ethical standards

ᅟ

Conflicts of interest

None.

Ethical approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the prospective study group. For the retrospective group included in the analysis, formal consent is not required according to the standards of the national research committee.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Physiology Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Otto M. Henriksen, Adam E. Hansen & Ian Law

  2. Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Vibeke A. Larsen

  3. Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Blegdamsvej, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Aida Muhic & Hans S. Poulsen

  4. Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology Nuclear Medicine and PET, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Ndr. Ringvej 57, 2600, Glostrup, Denmark

    Henrik B. W. Larsson

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  1. Otto M. Henriksen
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Correspondence to Otto M. Henriksen.

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Henriksen, O.M., Larsen, V.A., Muhic, A. et al. Simultaneous evaluation of brain tumour metabolism, structure and blood volume using [18F]-fluoroethyltyrosine (FET) PET/MRI: feasibility, agreement and initial experience. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 43, 103–112 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-015-3183-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-015-3183-6

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