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Role of cyanobacteria in agricultural and industrial sectors: an outlook on economically important byproducts

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Abstract

Cyanobacteria are potential organisms, which are used as food, feed and fuel. The unique characters of cyanobacteria include short generation times, their ubiquitous presence and efficient nitrogen fixing potential. Cyanobacteria are unique organisms performing photosynthesis, bioremediation of wastewater, high biomass and biofuel productions etc. They are also used in the treatment of industrial and domestic wastewaters for the utilization or removal of ammonia, phosphates and other heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Co, Cu, Zn). Biomasses of cyanobacteria are used as biofertilizers for the improvement of nutrient or mineral status and water-holding capacity of the soil. The secondary metabolites of cyanobacteria are used in pharmaceuticals, nutraceutical and chemical industries. In the industrial sector, value-added products from cyanobacteria such as pigments, enzymes and exopolysaccharides are being produced in large scales for biomedical and health applications. Age-old applications of cyanobacteria in agroecosystems as biofertilizers (Anabaena sp; Nostoc sp.) and in industrial sectors as food products (Spirulina) have motivated the researchers to come up with much more specific applications of cyanobacteria both in agricultural and in industrial sectors. Therefore, considering the effectiveness and efficiency of cyanobacteria, the present review has enlisted the standout qualities of cyanobacteria and their potential applications in agricultural and industrial sectors for the benefit of human beings and environment.

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Acknowledgements

Author Dr. Deviram Garlapati greatly acknowledges the National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Govt. of India. Author Dr. T. Mathimani acknowledges the Department of Science and Technology–Govt. of India for awarding INSPIRE Faculty (Grant no: DST/INSPIRE/04/2017/001922 & IFA17-LSPA87).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Centre for Coastal Research (NCCR), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 100, India

    Deviram Garlapati & Muthukumar Chandrasekaran

  2. Department of Food Quality and Safety, Gilat Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 85280, Negev, MP, Israel

    ArulAnanth Devanesan

  3. Department of Energy and Environment, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620015, India

    Thangavel Mathimani

  4. Innovative Green Product Synthesis and Renewable Environment Development Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Arivalagan Pugazhendhi

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  1. Deviram Garlapati
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  2. Muthukumar Chandrasekaran
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  3. ArulAnanth Devanesan
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  4. Thangavel Mathimani
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  5. Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
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Correspondence to Arivalagan Pugazhendhi.

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Garlapati, D., Chandrasekaran, M., Devanesan, A. et al. Role of cyanobacteria in agricultural and industrial sectors: an outlook on economically important byproducts. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 103, 4709–4721 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-019-09811-1

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