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Antimicrobial potentials of Helicteres isora silver nanoparticles against extensively drug-resistant (XDR) clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

  • Applied microbial and cell physiology
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Abstract

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading opportunistic pathogen and its expanding drug resistance is a growing menace to public health. Its ubiquitous nature and multiple resistance mechanisms make it a difficult target for antimicrobial chemotherapy and require a fresh approach for developing new antimicrobial agents against it. The broad-spectrum antibacterial effects of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) make them an excellent candidate for use in the medical field. However, attempts made to check their potency against extensively drug-resistant (XDR) microbes are meager. This study describes the biosynthesis and biostabilization of SNPs by Helicteres isora aqueous fruit extract and their characterization by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Majority of SNPs synthesized were of 8-–20-nm size. SNPs exhibited dose-dependent antibacterial activities against four XDR P. aeruginosa (XDR-PA) clinical isolates as revealed by growth curves, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 300 μg/ml. The SNPs exhibited antimicrobial activity against all strains, with maximum zone of inhibition (16.4 mm) in XRD-PA-2 at 1000 μg/ml. Amongst four strains, their susceptibilities to SNPs were in the following order: XDR-PA-2 > XDR-PA-4 > XDR-PA-3 > XDR-PA-1. The exposure of bacterial cells to 300 μg/ml SNPs resulted into a substantial leakage of reducing sugars and proteins, inactivation of respiratory chain dehydrogenases, and eventual cell death. SNPs also induced lipid peroxidation, a possible underlying factor to membrane porosity. The effects were more pronounced in XDR-PA-2 which may be correlated with its higher susceptibility to SNPs. These results are indicative of SNP-induced turbulence of membranous permeability as an important causal factor in XDR-PA growth inhibition and death.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the use of facilities created under the DST-FIST program implemented at Modern College, Ganeshkhind, Pune. The authors sincerely thank the Dean, B.J. Govt. Medical College, and the Principal, Modern College, for permitting to work and utilize the necessary facilities.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, S. P. Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411 016, India

    Nikunj Mapara, Mansi Sharma & Vinay Kumar

  2. Department of Botany, Prof. Ramkrishna More Arts, Commerce and Science College, S. P. Pune University, Akurdi, Pune, 411044, India

    Varsha Shriram

  3. Department of Microbiology, B. J. Government Medical College, Pune, 411001, India

    Renu Bharadwaj

  4. School of Energy Studies, Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, India

    K. C. Mohite

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  1. Nikunj Mapara
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  5. K. C. Mohite
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  6. Vinay Kumar
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Correspondence to Vinay Kumar.

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Nikunj Mapara and Mansi Sharma contributed equally to this work.

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Mapara, N., Sharma, M., Shriram, V. et al. Antimicrobial potentials of Helicteres isora silver nanoparticles against extensively drug-resistant (XDR) clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99, 10655–10667 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-015-6938-x

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