Abstract
Phage-display and competitive panning elution leads to the identification of minimum-sized antigen binders together with conventional antibodies from a mouse cDNA library constructed from HM-1 killer toxin neutralizing monoclonal antibody (nmAb-KT). Antigen-specific altered camelid-like single-domain heavy chain antibody (scFv K2) and a conventional antibody (scFv K1) have been isolated against the idiotypic antigen nmAb-KT. The objectives of the study were to examine (1) their properties as compared to conventional antibodies and also (2) their antifungal activity against different pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungal species. The alternative small antigen-binder, i.e., the single-domain heavy chain antibody, was originated from a conventional mouse scFv phage library through somatic hyper-mutation while selection against antigen. This single-domain antibody fragment was well expressed in bacteria and specifically bound with the idiotypic antigen nmAb-KT and had a high stability and solubility. Experimental data showed that the binding affinity for this single-domain antibody was 272-fold higher (K d = 1.07 × 10−10 M) and antifungal activity was three- to fivefold more efficient (IC50 = 0.46 × 10−6 to 1.17 × 10−6 M) than that for the conventional antibody (K d = 2.91 × 10−8 M and IC50 = 2.14 × 10−6 to 3.78 × 10−6 M). The derived single-domain antibody might be an ideal scaffold for anti-idiotypic antibody therapy and the development of smaller peptides or peptide mimetic drugs due to their less complex antigen-binding site. We expect that such single-domain synthetic antibodies will find their way into a number of biotechnological or medical applications.
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Acknowledgements
This research work was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Authors’ contributions
M.E. Kabir and T. Komiyama conceived and designed the experiments. M.E. Kabir and S. Krishnaswamy performed the experiments. M.E. Kabir, M. Miyamoto, Y. Furuichi, and T. Komiyama analyzed the data. M.E. Kabir wrote the paper.
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Kabir, M.E., Krishnaswamy, S., Miyamoto, M. et al. An altered camelid-like single domain anti-idiotypic antibody fragment of HM-1 killer toxin: acts as an effective antifungal agent. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 90, 553–564 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-011-3123-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-011-3123-8