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Reduction and partial degradation mechanisms of naphthylaminesulfonic azo dye amaranth by Shewanella decolorationis S12

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Abstract

Reduction and biodegradation mechanisms of naphthylaminesulfonic azo dye amaranth using a newly isolated Shewanella decolorationis strain S12 were investigated. Under anaerobic conditions, amaranth was reduced by strain S12, and a stoichiometric amount of two reduction products RP-1 and RP-2 were generated. UV/visible spectrophotometric and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that RP-1 and RP-2 were 1-aminenaphthylene -4-sulfonic acid and 1-aminenaphthylene-2-hydroxy-3, 6-disulfonic acid. The result strongly supports a mechanism of azo dye reduction by the process via the reductive cleavage of the azo bond to form corresponding aromatic amines. The result of HPLC analyses revealed that these aromatic amines were not able to be mineralized by strain S12 under anaerobic conditions. But after re-aeration of the decolorized culture, RP-2 was mineralized completely by this microorganism, but the consumption of RP-1 was not observed. Ames test showed that amaranth had mutagenic but no cytotoxic potential. The mutagenic potential was relieved after the anaerobic treatment with strain S12 as the mutagenic effect of the two reduction products from amaranth was not detected by Ames test. Thus, the ability of strain S12 to reduce and partially mineralize the naphthylaminesulfonic azo dye efficiently was demonstrated, which can potentially be used to biodegrade and detoxify wastewater containing azo dyes using an alternating anaerobic/aerobic treatment procedure.

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Acknowledgment

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundations (30670020, 3050009), Guangdong Provincial Programs for Natural Science Foundations (05100365,015017), and Chinese National Programs for High Technology Research and Development (06106Z3063).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangzhou, 510070, China

    Yiguo Hong, Jun Guo, Zhicheng Xu, Cuiyun Mo, Meiying Xu & Guoping Sun

  2. South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China

    Yiguo Hong

  3. Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China

    Yiguo Hong

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  1. Yiguo Hong
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  2. Jun Guo
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  3. Zhicheng Xu
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  4. Cuiyun Mo
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  5. Meiying Xu
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  6. Guoping Sun
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Correspondence to Guoping Sun.

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Hong, Y., Guo, J., Xu, Z. et al. Reduction and partial degradation mechanisms of naphthylaminesulfonic azo dye amaranth by Shewanella decolorationis S12. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 75, 647–654 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-007-0838-7

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