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Efficacy of Zosteric Acid Sodium Salt on the Yeast Biofilm Model Candida albicans

  • ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
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Abstract

Candida albicans is the most notorious and the most widely studied yeast biofilm former. Design of experiments (DoE) showed that 10 mg/L zosteric acid sodium salt reduced C. albicans adhesion and the subsequent biofilm formation by at least 70%, on both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces of 96-well plates. Indeed, biofilm imaging revealed the dramatic impact of zosteric acid sodium salt on biofilm thickness and morphology, due to the inability of the cells to form filamentous structures while remaining metabolically active. In the same way, 10 mg/L zosteric acid sodium salt inhibited C. albicans biofilm formation when added after the adhesion phase. Contrary to zosteric acid sodium salt, methyl zosterate did not affect yeast biofilm. In addition, zosteric acid sodium salt enhanced sensitivity to chlorhexidine, chlorine, hydrogen peroxide, and cis-2-decenoic acid, with a reduction of 0.5 to 8 log units. Preliminary in vitro studies using suitable primary cell based models revealed that zosteric acid sodium salt did not compromise the cellular activity, adhesion, proliferation or morphology of either the murine fibroblast line L929 or the human osteosarcoma line MG-63. Thus the use of zosteric acid sodium salt could provide a suitable, innovative, preventive, and integrative approach to preventing yeast biofilm formation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Federica Villa & Francesca Cappitelli

  2. Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, 366 EPS Building, P.O. Box 173980, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA

    Betsey Pitts & Philip S. Stewart

  3. Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Ambientali, Università degli Studi dell’Insubria, via Valleggio 11, 20100, Como, Italy

    Barbara Giussani & Simone Roncoroni

  4. Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Venezian 21, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Domenico Albanese

  5. Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, via Luigi Mancinelli 7, 20133, Milan, Italy

    Carmen Giordano & Marta Tunesi

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  1. Federica Villa
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  2. Betsey Pitts
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  9. Francesca Cappitelli
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Correspondence to Francesca Cappitelli.

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Villa, F., Pitts, B., Stewart, P.S. et al. Efficacy of Zosteric Acid Sodium Salt on the Yeast Biofilm Model Candida albicans . Microb Ecol 62, 584–598 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-011-9876-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-011-9876-x

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